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Jerusalem becomes City of David and capital of the United Kingdom of Israel. [3] c. 962 BCE: biblical King Solomon builds the First Temple. c. 931–930 BCE: Solomon dies, and the Golden Age of Israel ends. Jerusalem becomes the capital of the (southern) Kingdom of Judah led by Rehoboam after the split of the United Monarchy.
Depending on the sources, in either 637 or in 638, Jerusalem was officially surrendered to the caliph. [24] For the Jewish community this marked the end of nearly 500 years of Roman rule and oppression. Umar permitted the Jews to once again reside within the city of Jerusalem itself. [25] [26]
At the end of the Six-Day War, Israel had captured, among other territories, the Gaza Strip from Egypt and the West Bank from Jordan (including East Jerusalem). Shortly after Israel seized control over Jerusalem, Israel asserted sovereignty over the entire city of Jerusalem and the Palestinian residents of East Jerusalem were given a permanent ...
When the Kingdom of Judah split from the larger Kingdom of Israel (which the Bible places near the end of the reign of Solomon, c. 930 BCE, though Finkelstein and others dispute the very existence of a unified monarchy to begin with [12]), Jerusalem became the capital of the Kingdom of Judah, while the Kingdom of Israel located its capital at ...
According to the Bible, Nebuchadnezzar installed Zedekiah as king after his first siege, [9] and Zedekiah ruled for 11 years before the second siege resulted in the end of his kingdom. [ 10 ] Although there is no dispute that Jerusalem fell the second time in the summer month of Tammuz , [ 11 ] Albright dates the end of Zedekiah's reign (and ...
The History of Jerusalem during the Kingdom of Jerusalem began with the capture of the city by the Latin Christian forces at the apogee of the First Crusade. At that point it had been under Muslim rule for over 450 years. It became the capital of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, until it was again conquered by the Ayyubids under Saladin in 1187.
The Christian world's response to the loss of Jerusalem came in the Third Crusade of 1190. After lengthy battles and negotiations, Richard the Lionheart and Saladin concluded the Treaty of Jaffa in 1192 whereby Christians were granted free passage to make pilgrimages to the holy sites, while Jerusalem remained under Muslim rule. [163]
The siege of Jerusalem lasted from 20 September to 2 October 1187, when Balian of Ibelin surrendered the city to Saladin. Earlier that summer, Saladin had defeated the kingdom's army and conquered several cities.