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  2. Amedeo Avogadro - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amedeo_Avogadro

    Essay on the mathematical theory of the distribution of electricity on the surface of conducting bodies, 1844. Amedeo Avogadro was born in Turin to a noble family of the Kingdom of Sardinia (now part of Italy) in the year 1776. He graduated in ecclesiastical law at the late age of 20 and began to practice.

  3. History of molecular theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_molecular_theory

    Amedeo Avogadro created the word "molecule". [8] His 1811 paper "Essay on Determining the Relative Masses of the Elementary Molecules of Bodies", he essentially states, i.e. according to Partington's A Short History of Chemistry, that: [9]

  4. Avogadro's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avogadro's_Law

    Avogadro's hypothesis (as it was known originally) was formulated in the same spirit of earlier empirical gas laws like Boyle's law (1662), Charles's law (1787) and Gay-Lussac's law (1808).

  5. History of atomic theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_atomic_theory

    [4] [25] Amedeo Avogadro did the opposite: he exclusively used the word "molecule" in his writings, eschewing the word "atom", instead using the term "elementary molecule". [26] Jöns Jacob Berzelius used the term "organic atoms" to refer to particles containing three or more elements, because he thought this only existed in organic compounds.

  6. Gay-Lussac's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay-Lussac's_law

    These three gas laws in combination with Avogadro's law can be generalized by the ideal gas law. Gay-Lussac used the formula acquired from ΔV/V = αΔT to define the rate of expansion α for gases. For air, he found a relative expansion ΔV/V = 37.50% and obtained a value of α = 37.50%/100 °C = 1/266.66 °C which indicated that the value of ...

  7. Timeline of the discovery and classification of minerals

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_discovery...

    The concept of atoms and molecules were known, but after the Congress the Avogadro-Ampère theory became accepted. Maxwell's equations (1861–1864). The four pillars of physics: Isaac Newton (1642–1726/27), James Maxwell (1831–1879), Max Planck (1858–1947) and Albert Einstein (1879–1955).

  8. Dying To Be Free - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/dying-to-be-free...

    Despite the deprivations, Grateful Life beat jail and it gave addicts time to think. Many took the place and its staff as inspiration. They spent their nights filling notebooks with diary entries, essays on passages from the Big Book, drawings of skulls and heroin-is-the-devil poetry.

  9. List of chemists - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemists

    Amedeo Avogadro (1776–1856), Italian chemist and physicist, discovered Avogadro's law; B. Stephen Moulton Babcock (1843–1931), American agricultural chemist ...