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Diamond is extremely strong owing to its crystal structure, known as diamond cubic, in which each carbon atom has four neighbors covalently bonded to it. Bulk cubic boron nitride (c-BN) is nearly as hard as diamond. Diamond reacts with some materials, such as steel, and c-BN wears less when cutting or abrading such material. [4]
Mined rough diamonds are converted into gems through a multi-step process called "cutting". Diamonds are extremely hard, but also brittle and can be split up by a single blow. Therefore, diamond cutting is traditionally considered as a delicate procedure requiring skills, scientific knowledge, tools and experience.
This was long believed to refer to diamond, but is now thought more likely to mean other hard minerals such as corundum or spinel. [b] Diamonds eventually spread throughout the world, even though India had remained the only major source of the gemstone until diamonds were discovered in Brazil in 1725. [10]
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In 2001, a diamond-like-structured c-BC 2 N was synthesized at pressures >18 GPa and temperatures >2,200 K by a direct solid-state phase transition of graphite-like (BN) 0.48 C 0.52. The reported Vickers and Knoop hardnesses were intermediate between diamond and c-BN, making the new phase the second hardest known material. [39]
Diamond expert Dan Moran told Yahoo News that while he generally agrees that younger and “less established” clients are more likely to go for lab-grown diamonds, he’s been told by “many ...
Diamond industry researcher Edahn Golan says diamonds became associated with love and engagements around the 15th century, but it wasn't just a romantic gesture. Almost 9 in 10 engagement rings ...
Examining a pink sapphire under a gemmological microscope. Gemology or gemmology is the science dealing with natural and artificial gemstone materials. It is a specific interdisciplinary branch of mineralogy.