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Unique among the Dardic languages, Kashmiri presents "verb second" as the normal grammatical form. This is similar to many Germanic languages, such as German and Dutch, as well as Uto-Aztecan O'odham and Northeast Caucasian Ingush. All other Dardic languages, and more generally within Indo-Iranian, follow the subject-object-verb (SOV) pattern. [45]
The initial efforts by the British grouped almost all the people and languages of the upper Indus River, between Kashmir and Kabul, into a single category.This led to the creation of distinct identities for all other groups in the region, giving rise to terms such as Dard, Dardistan, and Dardic.
Kashmiri (English: / k æ ʃ ˈ m ɪər i / kash-MEER-ee) [10] or Koshur [11] (Kashmiri: کٲشُر (Perso-Arabic, Official Script), pronounced) [1] is a Dardic Indo-Aryan language spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, [12] primarily in the Kashmir Valley and Chenab Valley of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, over half the population of that ...
Kundal Shahi (کنڈل شاہی, Kunḍal Šāhī) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 700 people in the Kundal Shahi village of Neelam Valley in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. [2] It is an endangered language and its speakers are shifting to Hindko .
The category contains tribes who speak Dardic languages. [1] In the Indian-administered Kashmir region, these tribes are mostly found in the Kargil and Baramulla districts and few of them are found in Leh. They are predominantly Muslim and a few are Buddhists and Hindus. [2] [3] [4]
The Languages of Jammu & Kashmir. People's linguistic survey of India. Vol. 12. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan. pp. 291–302. ISBN 978-81-250-5516-7. Grierson, George A. (1919). Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. VIII, Part 2, Indo-Aryan family. North-western group. Specimens of the Dardic or Piśācha languages (including Kāshmiri). Calcutta ...
[1] [5] It is the oldest surviving member of the ancient Dardic language. [6] It is considered a divergent variety of Shina, [7] but it is not mutually intelligible with the other dialects of Shina. [8] It is only spoken by 2,858 people in Ladakh and 400 people in the adjoining Baltistan, part of Pakistan-administered Kashmir. [9]
Kashmiri or Koshur (کٲشُر, कॉशुर, 𑆑𑆳𑆯𑆶𑆫𑇀) [15] is a language from the Dardic subgroup of Indo-Aryan languages, spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris, primarily in the Indian administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir. There are also speakers in parts of the neighbouring Pakistani territory of Azad Kashmir.