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In organic chemistry, an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula −CH 2 −HC=CH 2. It consists of a methylene bridge ( −CH 2 − ) attached to a vinyl group ( −CH=CH 2 ). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The name is derived from the scientific name for garlic , Allium sativum .
Eugenol / ˈ j uː dʒ ɪ n ɒ l / is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, a member of the allylbenzene class of chemical compounds. [2] It is a colorless to pale yellow, aromatic oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove, nutmeg, cinnamon, basil and bay leaf.
A. Albutoin; Alclofenac; Alcuronium chloride; Alfetamine; Alizapride; Allicin; Alliin; Allithiamine; Allobarbital; Alloxydim; Allyl acetate; Allyl alcohol; Allyl bromide
Carbonyl allylation has been employed in the synthesis of polyketide natural products and other oxygenated molecules with a contiguous array of stereocenters. For example, allylstannanation of a threose-derived aldehyde affords the macrolide antascomicin B, which structurally resembles FK506 and rapamycin, and is a potent binder of FKBP12. [12]
Most processes begin with phosphorous acid (aka phosphonic acid, H 3 PO 3), exploiting its reactive P−H bond. [1] [3]Phosphonic acid can be alkylated via the Kabachnik–Fields reaction or Pudovik reaction to give aminophosphonate, which are useful as chelating agents.
Allyl thiocyanate isomerizes to the isothiocyanate: [4] CH 2 =CHCH 2 SCN → CH 2 =CHCH 2 NCS. Isothiocyanates can be prepared by treating organic dithiocarbamate salts with lead nitrate or tosyl chloride. [5] [6] Synthesis of phenyl isothiocyanate. Isothiocyanates may also be accessed by the fragmentation reactions of 1,4,2-oxathiazoles. [7]
The sulfur compound allicin, produced by crushing or chewing fresh garlic, [10] produces other sulfur compounds: ajoene, allyl polysulfides, and vinyldithiins. [2] Aged garlic lacks allicin, but may have some activity due to the presence of S-allylcysteine. Some people suffer from allergies to garlic and other species of Allium. [2]
Estragole is suspected to be carcinogenic and genotoxic, as is indicated by a report of the European Union Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products. [5] Several studies have clearly established that the profiles of metabolism, metabolic activation, and covalent binding are dose dependent and that the relative importance diminishes markedly at low levels of exposure (that is, these events are not ...