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  2. Bose–Einstein statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BoseEinstein_statistics

    Bose's "error" leads to what is now called Bose–Einstein statistics. Bose and Einstein extended the idea to atoms and this led to the prediction of the existence of phenomena which became known as Bose–Einstein condensate, a dense collection of bosons (which are particles with integer spin, named after Bose), which was demonstrated to exist ...

  3. Bose–Einstein condensate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BoseEinstein_condensate

    This formula is derived from finding the gas degeneracy in the Bose gas using Bose–Einstein statistics. The critical temperature depends on the density. A more concise and experimentally relevant [ 19 ] condition involves the phase-space density D = n λ T 3 {\displaystyle {\mathcal {D}}=n\lambda _{T}^{3}} , where

  4. Polylogarithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylogarithm

    The polylogarithm in this context is sometimes referred to as a Bose integral but more commonly as a Bose–Einstein integral (Dingle 1957a, Dingle, Arndt & Roy 1957).

  5. Bose gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose_gas

    The thermodynamics of an ideal Bose gas is best calculated using the grand canonical ensemble.The grand potential for a Bose gas is given by: = ⁡ = ⁡ (). where each term in the sum corresponds to a particular single-particle energy level ε i; g i is the number of states with energy ε i; z is the absolute activity (or "fugacity"), which may also be expressed in terms of the chemical ...

  6. Bose–Einstein correlations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BoseEinstein_correlations

    Similarly the Bose–Einstein correlations between two neutral pions are somewhat stronger than those between two identically charged ones: in other words two neutral pions are “more identical” than two negative (positive) pions. The surprising nature of these special Bose–Einstein correlations effects made headlines in the literature. [5]

  7. Satyendra Nath Bose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satyendra_Nath_Bose

    Satyendra Nath Bose FRS, MP [1] (/ ˈ b oʊ s /; [4] [a] 1 January 1894 – 4 February 1974) was an Indian theoretical physicist and mathematician.He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, in developing the foundation for Bose–Einstein statistics and the theory of the Bose–Einstein condensate.

  8. Partition function (statistical mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_function...

    An important application of the grand canonical ensemble is in deriving exactly the statistics of a non-interacting many-body quantum gas (Fermi–Dirac statistics for fermions, Bose–Einstein statistics for bosons), however it is much more generally applicable than that. The grand canonical ensemble may also be used to describe classical ...

  9. Photon statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon_statistics

    The formula describes the probability of observing n photon counts and is given by = ... Comparison of the Poisson and Bose-Einstein distributions. The Poisson ...