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Phenology is the study of periodic events in biological life cycles and how these are influenced by seasonal and interannual variations in climate, as well as habitat factors (such as elevation). [ 1 ]
The key to life history theory is that there are limited resources available, and focusing on only a few life history characteristics is necessary. Examples of some major life history characteristics include: Age at first reproductive event; Reproductive lifespan and ageing; Number and size of offspring
Morren first used the term phenology in 1849 during a public lecture at the Academy of Brussels. The first use of the term phenology in a scientific paper dates back to 1853 when Morren published "Souvenirs phénologiques de l'hiver 1852–1853” ("Phenological memories of the winter 1852–1853”).
Allochronic speciation (also known as allochronic isolation, or temporal isolation) is a form of speciation (specifically ecological speciation) arising from reproductive isolation that occurs due to a change in breeding time that reduces or eliminates gene flow between two populations of a species.
Robert Marsham (27 January 1708–4 September 1797) was an English naturalist considered to be the founding father of phenology, the study of the effects of the seasons on plants and animals. Life [ edit ]
The idea of a tree of life arose from ancient notions of a ladder-like progression from lower into higher forms of life (such as in the Great Chain of Being).Early representations of "branching" phylogenetic trees include a "paleontological chart" showing the geological relationships among plants and animals in the book Elementary Geology, by Edward Hitchcock (first edition: 1840).
Phenology observes the timing of seasonality of biological and weather events. [2] Plant cycles, animal behaviour, weather patterns and climate change cycle through seasonality [2] [1] i.e.Flowering. As Swartz defines; "Phenology is the study of recurring plant, fungi and animal life cycle stages, especially as they relate to climate and ...
The match/mismatch hypothesis (MMH) was first described by David Cushing. [1] [2] The MMH "seeks to explain recruitment variation in a population by means of the relation between its phenology—the timing of seasonal activities such as flowering or breeding—and that of species at the immediate lower level". [3]