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The office of the president of the Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia [a] existed from the death of the President of the Republic Josip Broz Tito on 4 May 1980 until the dissolution of the country by 1992. A collective presidency existed in Yugoslavia since amendments to the 1963 Constitution in 1971. [1]
After the liberation of Belgrade on 20 October 1944, the Communist-led government on 29 November 1945 declared King Peter II deposed and proclaimed the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. From 1945 to 1953, the President of the Presidency of the National Assembly was the office of the Yugoslav head of state. The post was held by Ivan Ribar.
The 1974 constitution gave the then 82-year old Tito an unlimited mandate, making him president-for-life. [6] It also created a new rotating office of President of the Presidency which would take effect in the event of Tito's death. The sitting vice president of the Presidency would succeed him in this case.
Josip Broz (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Јосип Броз, pronounced [jǒsip brôːz] ⓘ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito (/ ˈ t iː t oʊ /; [1] Тито, pronounced), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and politician who served in various positions of national leadership from 1943 until his death in 1980. [2]
On May 4th, 1980, at 15:05 in Ljubljana, the great heart of the President of our Socialist Yugoslavia, the President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia, the President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, Marshal of Yugoslavia, and the Commander-in-chief of the Yugoslav armed forces, Josip Broz Tito, has stopped beating.
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The mandate of the Presidency lasted five years so the nine-member Presidency was elected in total four times – in 1974, 1979, 1984 and 1989. Until 1980 most of powers of the Presidency (and control over the country in general) were in fact exercised by Josip Broz Tito, who was president of the republic for life.
Unlike the LCY president, the presidency president could serve only a one-year term and could not nominate members to the presidency; this authority was delegated to an internal commission of the presidency. These changes were designated as temporary and were formally adopted at the 12th Congress on 26 to 29 June 1982. [46]