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Additionally, Italian has a number of verbs that do not follow predictable patterns in all conjugation classes, most markedly the present and the absolute past. Often classified together as irregular verbs, their irregularities occur to different degrees, with forms of essere "to be", and somewhat less extremely, avere "to have", the least ...
In Italian, compound tenses expressing perfect aspect are formed with either auxiliary verb avere ('to have') "Conjugation of the verb avere". (Lingua-Italiana.IT). for transitive verbs and some intransitive verbs and with essere ('to be') "Conjugation of the verb essere".
*essere and sedēre forms sounded similar in Latin once the latter reduced to *seēre, and sounded even more similar after stress shifted in Spanish infinitives to the penultimate vowel. As a result, parts of the conjugations of erstwhile sedēre were subject to being integrated into conjugation paradigms associated with *essere, eventually ser.
A verb that does not follow all of the standard conjugation patterns of the language is said to be an irregular verb. The system of all conjugated variants of a particular verb or class of verbs is called a verb paradigm; this may be presented in the form of a conjugation table.
The following table presents a comparison of the conjugation of the regular verb cantare "to sing" in Classical Latin, and Vulgar Latin (reconstructed as Proto-Italo-Western Romance, with stress marked), and nine modern Romance languages. The conjugations below were given from their respective Wiktionary pages.
Italian uses two verbs (essere and venire) to translate the static and the dynamic passive: Dynamic passive auxiliary verb: essere and venire (to be and to come) La porta è aperta. or La porta viene aperta. "The door is opened [by someone]" or "The door comes open [by someone]". La porta è chiusa. or La porta viene chiusa.
Just 16 games into a four-year, $160 million extension, New York Giants quarterback Daniel Jones has been benched. The former first-round pick had led the Giants to a 2-8 start in 2024, tied for ...
Standard Italian: Andiamo a mangiare (We're going to eat), Noi andiamo là (We go there) Tuscan: Si va a mangià (We're going to eat), Noi si va là (We go there) The phenomenon is found in all verb tenses, including compound tenses. In those tenses, the use of si requires a form of essere (to be) as auxiliary verb.
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