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The different strains have been derived through treating E. coli K-12 with agents such as nitrogen mustard, ultra-violet radiation, X-ray etc. An extensive list of Escherichia coli K-12 strain derivatives and their individual construction, genotypes, phenotypes, plasmids and phage information can be viewed at Ecoliwiki.
Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) Verotoxin-producing E. coli; E. coli O157:H7 is an enterohemorrhagic strain also 2006 North American E. coli outbreak; E. coli O104:H4, also 2011 E. coli O104:H4 outbreak; Escherichia coli O121; Escherichia coli O104:H21; Escherichia coli K1, meningitis; Adherent Invasive Escherichia ...
Similarly, other strains of E. coli (e.g. the K-12 strain commonly used in recombinant DNA work) are sufficiently different that they would merit reclassification. A strain is a subgroup within the species that has unique characteristics that distinguish it from other strains. These differences are often detectable only at the molecular level ...
[12] Intestinal mucosa-associated E. coli are observed in increased numbers in the inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. [13] Invasive strains of E. coli exist in high numbers in the inflamed tissue, and the number of bacteria in the inflamed regions correlates to the severity of the bowel inflammation. [14]
The LacUV5 promoter is derived from the E. coli wildtype lac promoter but exhibits an increased transcription strength due to two mutations that facilitate its interaction with a native E. coli RNAP σ-factor. [7] In E. coli BL21(DE3) the expression of the T7-RNAP is suppressed by the constitutively expressed LacI repressor.
KdpD/KdpE is a TCS system that is found in Escherichia coli and produces K+ transporter Kdp-ATPase. This TCS system was characterized first in the bacterial species of E. coli. [17] The transporter is used as a scavenging system for K+ when it is extremely limited. The TCS system for E. coli has four distinct proteins from one single operon ...
Among common E. coli laboratory strains, the 4-HPA degradation pathway is not found in the commonly used K-12 strain, but it does appear in strains B, C, and W (the strain in which most research into the pathway has been done).
In Escherichia coli strain K12 the colanic acid cluster comprises 19 genes. The wzx gene encodes a protein with multiple transmembrane segments that may function in export of the colanic acid repeat unit from the cytoplasm into the periplasm in a process analogous to O-unit export.