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Smoking during pregnancy is dangerous to the unborn baby and may cause pre-term birth, birth defects such as cleft lip or cleft palate, or miscarriage. [ 93 ] [ 80 ] Tobacco is the most commonly used substance among pregnant women, at 25%.
A systematic review of the risk of major birth defects in antidepressant-exposed pregnancies found a small increase (3% to 24%) in the risk of major malformations and a risk of cardiovascular birth defects that did not differ from non-exposed pregnancies.
Sertraline taken during pregnancy is associated with an increase in congenital heart defects in newborns. [14] [15] Sertraline was developed by scientists at Pfizer and approved for medical use in the United States in 1991. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines [16] and available as a generic medication. [10]
A new Canadian study suggests that women who take antidepressants during pregnancy may be more likely to give birth to children with autism.
Pregnancy Category: D D . Has the highest propensity of all anticonvulsants for causing birth defects. Around 6-11% of children born to mothers that used the drug during pregnancy are born with birth defects. Oral Ziprasidone and treatment as usual: 55.1: 14.1 ++/+ -
In the 1960s, Dr. Isabel Gal conducted research at Queen Mary's Hospital for Children that showed a link between use of the drug and severe birth defects. [5] A review by the Committee on Safety of Medicines in the 1970s concluded that the product should not be used by pregnant women. [2]
A large case-control study done as part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study and published in 2012 found a significant association between venlafaxine use during pregnancy and several birth defects including anencephaly, cleft palate, septal heart defects and coarctation of the aorta. [49]
The CDC and National Birth Defect Project studied the incidence of birth defects in the US. Key findings include: [ citation needed ] Down syndrome was the most common condition with an estimated prevalence of 14.47 per 10,000 live births, implying about 6,000 diagnoses each year.