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Evidence-based, trauma-focused psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for PTSD. [8] [9] [6] Psychotherapy is defined as a treatment where a therapist and patient build a therapeutic relationship and focus on the patient's thoughts, attitudes, affect, behavior, and social development to lessen the patient's psychopathologies and functional impairment.
A typical 12-session run of CPT has proven effective in treating PTSD across a variety of populations, including combat veterans, [3] [4] [5] sexual assault victims, [6] [7] [8] and refugees. [9] CPT can be provided in individual and group treatment formats and is considered one of the most effective treatments for PTSD. [10] [11]
There are a number of PTSD screening instruments for adults, such as the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) [146] [147] and the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5). [148] The 17 item PTSD checklist is also capable of monitoring the severity of symptoms and the response to treatment.
The 2018 International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies practice guidelines "strongly recommend" EMDR as an effective treatment for post-traumatic stress symptoms. [36] As of 2017, the American Psychological Association "conditionally recommends" EMDR for the treatment of PTSD in adults, meaning its use is suggested rather than recommended. [7]
Prolonged exposure has been beneficial for those with co-occurring PTSD and substance abuse when combined with substance abuse treatment. [8] Studies have also reflected that prolonged exposure therapy aids patients who have both PTSD and borderline personality disorder when the treatment is coupled with dialectical behavior therapy. [3]
TF-CBT treatment can be used with children and adolescents who have experienced traumatic life events. It is a short-term treatment (typically 12-16 sessions) that combines trauma-sensitive interventions with cognitive behavioral therapy strategies. [13] It can also be used as part of a larger treatment plan for children with other difficulties ...
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