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Gases at high pressure can have a density exceeding that of some solids. Thus they can be used to levitate solid objects through buoyancy. [5] Noble gases are preferred for their non-reactivity. Xenon is the densest non-radioactive noble gas, at 5.894g/L. Xenon has been used to levitate polyethylene, at a pressure of 154atm.
Magnetic levitation can be stabilised using different techniques; here rotation (spin) is used. Magnetic levitation (maglev) or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields.
Aerodynamic levitation is the use of gas pressure to levitate materials so that they are no longer in physical contact with any container. In scientific experiments this removes contamination and nucleation issues associated with physical contact with a container.
In the laboratory, experimental setups are able to levitate tops for indefinite periods by measuring the spin rate and maintaining it using a drive coil. However, variations in temperature can affect the stability, and without ambient temperature control the top will eventually fall after hours or days due to the temperature coefficient of the ...
These time-varying magnetic fields can be caused by relative motion between two objects. In many cases, one magnetic field is a permanent field, such as a permanent magnet or a superconducting magnet , and the other magnetic field is induced from the changes of the field that occur as the magnet moves relative to a conductor in the other object.
An expanded polystyrene octahedron with a diagonal length of 50mm and mass 0.5g is the largest object ever acoustically levitated by this technique using PATs above and below the object. [48] Single Beam Levitation: Levitation of objects at a distance greater than a single wavelength from the sources with access only from a single side. In this ...
Electrostatic levitation is the process of using an electric field to levitate a charged object and counteract the effects of gravity. It was used, for instance, in Robert Millikan 's oil drop experiment and is used to suspend the gyroscopes in Gravity Probe B during launch.
Electromagnetic suspension (EMS) is the magnetic levitation of an object achieved by constantly altering the strength of a magnetic field produced by electromagnets using a feedback loop. In most cases the levitation effect is mostly due to permanent magnets as they have no power dissipation, with electromagnets only used to stabilise the effect.