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In contrast, a linear power supply regulates the output voltage by continually dissipating power in the pass transistor. The switched-mode power supply's higher electrical efficiency is an important advantage. Switched-mode power supplies can also be substantially smaller and lighter than a linear supply because the transformer can be much smaller.
For high efficiency, the switched-mode power supply (SMPS) switch must turn on and off quickly and have low losses. The advent of a commercial semiconductor switch in the 1950s represented a major milestone that made SMPSs such as the boost converter possible. The major DC to DC converters were developed in the early 1960s when semiconductor ...
Switch-Mode Power Supply Tutorial - Detailed article on DC-DC converters which gives a more formal and detailed analysis of the Buck including the effects of non-ideal switching (but, note that the diagram of the buck-boost converter fails to account for the inversion of the polarity of the voltage between input and output).
This is a switched-mode power supply with a similar circuit configuration to the boost converter and the buck converter. The output voltage is adjustable based on the duty cycle of the switching transistor. One possible drawback of this converter is that the switch does not have a terminal at ground; this complicates the driving circuitry.
A modern computer power supply is a switch-mode power supply that converts AC power from the mains supply, to several DC voltages. Switch-mode supplies replaced linear supplies due to cost, weight, efficiency and size improvements. The diverse collection of output voltages also have widely varying current draw requirements.
Low-power switch-mode power supplies (cell phone charger, standby power supply in PCs) Low-cost multiple-output power supplies (e.g., main PC supplies <250 W [ citation needed ] ) The flyback converter is commonly used at the 50 to 100 W power range, as well as in highvoltage power supplies for televisions and computer monitors - Fundamentals ...
Fig. 2. EMI noise of output voltage for programmed switching frequency (PWM): a) Spectrum and b) Spectrogram. PWM is considered the most common deterministic technique. Considering the example of a DC-DC converter, a controlled switch is designed to “cut-off” the DC waveform into a pulse-shaped waveform.
In switch-mode power supplies, the control circuits are powered from the output. To start the power supply, a leakage resistance can be used to trickle-charge the supply rail for the control circuit to start it oscillating. This approach is less costly and simpler than providing a separate linear power supply just to start the regulator circuit ...