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The inferior olivary nucleus (ION) is a structure found in the medulla oblongata underneath the superior olivary nucleus. [1] In vertebrates, the ION is known to coordinate signals from the spinal cord to the cerebellum to regulate motor coordination and learning. [ 2 ]
The inferior olivary nucleus (or 'complex'), which is a part of the olivo-cerebellar system and is mainly involved in cerebellar motor-learning and function. The superior olivary nucleus, considered part of the pons and part of the auditory system, aiding the perception of sound. The inferior olive in itself is divided to 3 main nuclei:
Arcuate nucleus; Olivary body. Inferior olivary nucleus; Rostral ventrolateral medulla; Caudal ventrolateral medulla; Solitary nucleus (Nucleus of the solitary tract) Respiratory center-Respiratory groups. Dorsal respiratory group; Ventral respiratory group or Apneustic centre. Pre-Bötzinger complex; Botzinger complex; Retrotrapezoid nucleus ...
Climbing fibers are the name given to a series of neuronal projections from the inferior olivary nucleus located in the medulla oblongata. [1] [2] These axons pass through the pons and enter the cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle where they form synapses with the deep cerebellar nuclei and Purkinje cells. Each climbing fiber will ...
Only the nucleus ruber and the dentate nucleus are shown in this diagram; the olivary nucleus is positioned on the lateral aspect of the brainstem. Palatal myoclonus The myoclonic triangle (also known by its eponym Triangle of Guillain-Mollaret or dentato-rubro-olivary pathway ) is an important feedback circuit of the brainstem and deep ...
Each cerebellar inferior peduncle connects the spinal cord and medulla oblongata with the cerebellum, and comprises the juxtarestiform body and restiform body. Important fibers running through the inferior cerebellar peduncle include the dorsal spinocerebellar tract and axons from the inferior olivary nucleus, among others.
The inferior olivary nucleus, mesencephalic nucleus of V, and main sensory nucleus of V are also developed from this plate. The cerebellum also develops from the alar plate, particularly from the rhombic lip.
Descending fibers of the rubro-olivary tract project from the parvocellular red nucleus to the ipsilateral inferior olivary nucleus. [1] [3] The inferior olivary nucleus projects to the contralateral cerebellum via olivocerebellar fibers. [3] The rubro-olivary fibres descend through the superior cerebellar peduncle. [1]