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Treatment for sigmoid volvulus may include sigmoidoscopy. If the mucosa of the sigmoid looks normal and pink, a rectal tube for decompression may be placed, and any fluid, electrolyte, cardiac, kidney or pulmonary abnormalities should be corrected. The affected person should then be taken to the operating room for surgical repair.
Strictures are often treated observantly; they may heal spontaneously over 12–24 months. If a bowel obstruction develops as a result of the stricture, surgical resection is the usual treatment, [36] although endoscopic dilatation and stenting have also been employed. [37] [38]
Sigmoid colon volvulus, also known as sigmoid volvulus, is volvulus affecting the sigmoid colon. It is a common cause of bowel obstruction [ 1 ] and constipation . It is common in Asia, India (7% of intestinal obstruction ) and especially South India because of the high fibre diet.
During surgery anatomic defects in the sigmoid colon are sometimes observed in patients with ODS, such as acute bends which are stuck laterally (to one side of) or in front of the rectum. Many such defects may arise after hysterectomy because surgical adhesions in the pelvis may occur with scarring after the surgery.
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
Endoscopic image of severe Crohn's colitis showing diffuse loss of mucosal architecture, friability of mucosa in sigmoid colon and exudate on wall. Specialty: Gastroenterology: Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, fatigue, weight loss, fever [1] Complications: Anemia, bowel cancer, bowel obstruction, strictures, fistulas, abscesses, anal fissure ...
The sigmoid colon is completely surrounded by peritoneum (and thus is not retroperitoneal), which forms a mesentery (sigmoid mesocolon), which diminishes in length from the center toward the ends of the loop, where it disappears, so that the loop is fixed at its junctions with the iliac colon and rectum, but enjoys a considerable range of movement in its central portion.
Treatment Antibiotics, antispasmodics, mesalamine, rifaximin, corticosteroids Diverticular disease is when problems occur due to diverticulosis , a benign condition defined by the formation of pouches (diverticula) from weak spots in the wall of the large intestine . [ 1 ]