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An intramedullary rod, also known as an intramedullary nail (IM nail) or inter-locking nail or Küntscher nail (without proximal or distal fixation), is a metal rod forced into the medullary cavity of a bone. IM nails have long been used to treat fractures of long bones of the body.
Küntscher first performed the process using the nail in November 1939 at the University Department of Surgery in Kiel. He first presented 12 cases of intramedullary fixation with rods at a surgical meeting in Berlin 03/18/40 and was met with general disapproval for using surgery for fractures [ 1 ] The German military initially disapproved of ...
Intramedullary is a medical term meaning the inside of a bone. Examples include intramedullary rods used to treat bone fractures in orthopedic surgery and intramedullary tumors occurring in some forms of cancer or benign tumors such as an enchondroma .
An example of the Landolt C eye chart (also known as the Japanese eye chart). Numerous types of eye charts exist and are used in various situations. For example, the Snellen chart is designed for use at 6 meters or 20 feet, and is thus appropriate for testing distance vision, while the ETDRS chart is designed for use at 4 meters. [16]
Bone malrotation refers to the situation that results when a bone heals out of rotational alignment from another bone, or part of bone. It often occurs as the result of a surgical complication after a fracture where intramedullary nailing (IMN) occurs, [1] especially in the femur and tibial bones, but can also occur genetically at birth.
When the cornea dries out it may stick to the eyelid and cause an abrasion when the eye reopens. [11] Exposure keratitis. Chemical injury can occur if cleaning solutions such as povidone-iodine (Betadine), chlorhexidine or alcohol are inadvertently spilt into the eye, for example when the face, neck or shoulder is being prepped for surgery. [4] [1]
The Harrington rod (or Harrington implant) is a stainless steel surgical device. [1] Historically, this rod was implanted along the spinal column to treat, among other conditions, a lateral or coronal-plane curvature of the spine, or scoliosis. Up to one million people had Harrington rods implanted for scoliosis between the early 1960s and the ...
As is the case with other manifestations of IgG4-related disease, a prompt response to steroid therapy is a characteristic feature of IgG4-ROD in most cases, unless significant fibrosis has already occurred. [2] [3] It basically can cause loss of vision and in other cases, cause skin irritation and loss of brain function