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Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It is usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood and if left untreated it is the most common genetic cause of infant death. [ 6 ]
Spinal muscular atrophies (SMAs) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare debilitating disorders characterised by the degeneration of lower motor neurons (neuronal cells situated in the anterior horn of the spinal cord) and subsequent atrophy (wasting) of various muscle groups in the body. [1]
Fat in the paraspinal muscles and insulin resistance are both related to back pain. The study was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. The trial involved 64 adults.
(D) Advanced thenar muscle atrophy. [8] Signs and symptoms depend on the specific disease, but motor neuron diseases typically manifest as a group of movement-related symptoms. [6] They come on slowly, and worsen over the course of more than three months. Various patterns of muscle weakness are seen, and muscle cramps and spasms may occur.
The importance of correctly recognizing progressive muscular atrophy as opposed to ALS is important for several reasons. The prognosis is a little better. A recent study found the 5-year survival rate in PMA to be 33% (vs 20% in ALS) and the 10-year survival rate to be 12% (vs 6% in ALS).
Person with muscular dystrophy depicted by Duchenne. Based on the muscles involved, this person could have had FSHD. 1884: Landouzy and Dejerine describe a form of childhood progressive muscle atrophy with a characteristic involvement of facial muscles and distinct from pseudohypertrophic (Duchenne's MD) and spinal muscle atrophy in adults. [128]
The first symptoms include muscle cramps and muscle twitches affecting the upper and lower limbs. They appear usually after age of 40. The disease is slowly progressive with adult onset and results in weakness and mild muscle atrophy. [1] [3] The disease does not affect life expectancy. [1]
Complications can include muscle atrophy, loss of voluntary motor control, spasticity, pressure sores, infections, and breathing problems. In the majority of cases the damage results from physical trauma such as car accidents , gunshot wounds , falls , or sports injuries , but it can also result from nontraumatic causes such as infection ...
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