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A stone CNC router is a type of CNC router machine designed for marble, granite, artificial stone, tombstone, ceramic tiles, glass machining, polishing for arts and crafts, etc. Wood, metal and stone require different "bits" or "inserts". There is bit call as diamond tools with different diameter 4mm, 6mm, 8mm mainly used.
Most machine shops with lathes have many solid-HSS and solid-carbide tool bits as well as many insert-tipped tool bits, and most commercial operations that involve routers (such as cabinetry and furniture shops) use plenty of solid-HSS and solid-carbide router bits as well as some tipped bits.
A CNC wood router uses CNC (computer numerical control) and is similar to a metal CNC mill with the following differences: The wood router typically spins faster — with a range of 13,000 to 24,000 RPM; Professional quality machines frequently use surface facing tools up to 3" in diameter or more, and spindle power from 5 to 15 horsepower.
While these speeds are fine for small router bits, using larger bits, say more than 1-inch (25 mm) or 25 millimeters in diameter, can be dangerous and can lead to chatter. Larger routers now have variable speeds and larger bits require slower speed. Drilling wood generally uses higher spindle speeds than metal, and the speed is not as critical ...
CAM software automates the process of converting 3D models into tool paths, the route the multiaxis machine takes to mill a part (Fig. 1). This software takes into account the different parameters of the tool head (in the case of a CNC router, this would be the bit size), dimensions of the blank, and any constraints the machine may have.
CNC router technology is quickly becoming more advanced as companies move to produce parts for less, and some routers can operate on the (x,y,z) planes just as mills do. The key difference is the capabilities of the spindle ; the spindles are often less precise and cannot produce the same torque at low RPMs compared to modern milling machines.
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