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Syngas, or synthesis gas, is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, [1] in various ratios. The gas often contains some carbon dioxide and methane . It is principally used for producing ammonia or methanol .
Drawing the retorts at the Great Gas Establishment Brick Lane, from The Monthly Magazine (1821). The history of gaseous fuel, important for lighting, heating, and cooking purposes throughout most of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, began with the development of analytical and pneumatic chemistry in the 18th century.
Fuel gas is contrasted with liquid fuels and solid fuels, although some fuel gases are liquefied for storage or transport (for example, autogas and liquified petroleum gas). While their gaseous nature has advantages, avoiding the difficulty of transporting solid fuel and the dangers of spillage inherent in liquid fuels, it also has limitations.
In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon–carbon bonds in the precursors.
The resulting gas mixture is called syngas (from synthesis gas) or producer gas and is itself a fuel due to the flammability of the H 2 and CO of which the gas is largely composed. Power can be derived from the subsequent combustion of the resultant gas, and is considered to be a source of renewable energy if the gasified compounds were ...
Crude oil is processed in several stages to form desired hydrocarbons, used as fuel and in other products. Tank wagon 33 80 7920 362–0 with hydrocarbon gas at Bahnhof Enns (2018) The predominant use of hydrocarbons is as a combustible fuel source. Methane is the predominant component of natural gas.
A solid oxide electrolyser cell (SOEC) is a solid oxide fuel cell set in regenerative mode for the electrolysis of water with a solid oxide, or ceramic, electrolyte to produce oxygen and hydrogen gas. Solid oxide fuel cell A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical conversion device that produces electricity directly from oxidizing a ...
Flared gas and vented volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are known problems in the offshore industry and in the on-shore oil and gas industry, since both release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. [22] Reforming for combustion engines utilizes steam reforming technology for converting waste gases into a source of energy. [23]