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  2. Isogonal conjugate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isogonal_conjugate

    In geometry, the isogonal conjugate of a point P with respect to a triangle ABC is constructed by reflecting the lines PA, PB, PC about the angle bisectors of A, B, C respectively. These three reflected lines concur at the isogonal conjugate of P. (This definition applies only to points not on a sideline of triangle ABC.)

  3. Shape grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_grammar

    A shape grammar consists of shape rules and a generation engine that selects and processes rules. A shape rule defines how an existing (part of a) shape can be transformed. A shape rule consists of two parts separated by an arrow pointing from left to right. The part left of the arrow is termed the Left-Hand Side (LHS). It depicts a condition ...

  4. List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_typographical...

    The third gives symbols listed elsewhere in the table that are similar to it in meaning or appearance, or that may be confused with it; The fourth (if present) links to the related article(s) or adds a clarification note.

  5. Mathematical structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_structure

    A geometry: it is equipped with a metric and is flat. A topology: there is a notion of open sets. There are interfaces among these: Its order and, independently, its metric structure induce its topology. Its order and algebraic structure make it into an ordered field.

  6. Isometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isometry

    Definition: [7] The midpoint of two elements x and y in a vector space is the vector ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (x + y). Theorem [ 7 ] [ 8 ] — Let A : X → Y be a surjective isometry between normed spaces that maps 0 to 0 ( Stefan Banach called such maps rotations ) where note that A is not assumed to be a linear isometry.

  7. Lists of shapes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_shapes

    Lists of shapes cover different types of geometric shape and related topics. They include mathematics topics and other lists of shapes, such as shapes used by drawing or teaching tools. They include mathematics topics and other lists of shapes, such as shapes used by drawing or teaching tools.

  8. Arrangement of lines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrangement_of_lines

    In geometry, an arrangement of lines is the subdivision of the Euclidean plane formed by a finite set of lines. An arrangement consists of bounded and unbounded convex polygons, the cells of the arrangement, line segments and rays, the edges of the arrangement, and points where two or more lines cross, the vertices of the arrangement.

  9. Congruence (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruence_(geometry)

    In geometry, two figures or objects are congruent if they have the same shape and size, or if one has the same shape and size as the mirror image of the other. [ 1 ] More formally, two sets of points are called congruent if, and only if, one can be transformed into the other by an isometry , i.e., a combination of rigid motions , namely a ...