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The analytical engine was a proposed digital mechanical general-purpose computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage. [2] [3] It was first described in 1837 as the successor to Babbage's Difference Engine, which was a design for a simpler mechanical calculator.
Charles Babbage wrote a series of programs for the Analytical Engine from 1837 to 1840. [166] The first program was finished in 1837. [167] The Engine was not a single physical machine, but rather a succession of designs that Babbage tinkered with until his death in 1871. [citation needed]
Charles Babbage began to construct a small difference engine in c. 1819 [4] and had completed it by 1822 (Difference Engine 0). [5] He announced his invention on 14 June 1822, in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society , entitled "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables". [ 6 ]
Note G, originally published in Sketch of The Analytical Engine Invented by Charles Babbage. Note G [a] is a computer algorithm written by Ada Lovelace that was designed to calculate Bernoulli numbers using the hypothetical analytical engine.
Babbage's plans made his analytical engine the first general-purpose design that could be described as Turing-complete in modern terms. [ 46 ] [ 47 ] The analytical engine was programmed using punched cards , a method adapted from the Jacquard loom invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804, which controlled textile patterns with a sequence of ...
Difference Engine, 1822 – Charles Babbage's mechanical device to calculate polynomials. Analytical Engine, 1837 – A later Charles Babbage device that could be said to encapsulate most of the elements of modern computers. Odhner Arithmometer, 1873 – W. T. Odhner's calculator who had millions of clones manufactured until the 1970s.
Replica of the Difference Engine in the Science Museum, reconstructed after studies of Charles Babbage's original drawings by Allan Bromley. Most discussions of the history of computing start with Charles Babbage, and what we know about Charles Babbage's Difference and Analytical engines really starts with the scholarship of Allan Bromley.
An English mathematician and writer, chiefly known for her work on Charles Babbage's proposed mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine. She was the first to recognize that the machine had applications beyond pure calculation, and created the first algorithm intended to be carried out by such a machine.