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For example, the dir and ls programs (which display file names contained in a directory) may take command-line arguments, but perform their operations without any stream data input. Unless redirected , standard input is inherited from the parent process.
Windows Script Host: x = WScript.StdIn.Read(chars) or x = WScript.StdIn.ReadLine() WScript.Echo(x) or WScript.StdOut.Write(x) or WScript.StdOut.WriteLine(x) WScript.StdErr.Write(x) or WScript.StdErr.WriteLine(x) Common Lisp (setf x (read-line)) (princ x) or (format t format x) (princ x *error-output*) or (format *error-output* format x) Scheme ...
In these languages, including the line __DATA__ (Perl) or __END__ (Ruby, old Perl) marks the end of the code segment and the start of the data segment. Only the contents prior to this line are executed, and the contents of the source file after this line are available as a file object: PACKAGE::DATA in Perl (e.g., main::DATA) and DATA in Ruby ...
An important aspect of this, setting Unix pipes apart from other pipe implementations, is the concept of buffering: for example a sending program may produce 5000 bytes per second, and a receiving program may only be able to accept 100 bytes per second, but no data is lost. Instead, the output of the sending program is held in the buffer.
Python supports normal floating point numbers, which are created when a dot is used in a literal (e.g. 1.1), when an integer and a floating point number are used in an expression, or as a result of some mathematical operations ("true division" via the / operator, or exponentiation with a negative exponent).
Immediately invoked function expressions may be written in a number of different ways. [3] A common convention is to enclose the function expression – and optionally its invocation operator – with the grouping operator, [ 4 ] in parentheses, to tell the parser explicitly to expect an expression.
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A full example of a WSGI network server is outside the scope of this article. Below is a sketch of how one would call a WSGI application and retrieve its HTTP status line, response headers, and response body, as Python objects. [10] Details of how to construct the environ dict have been omitted.