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Raja Ram Sinsinwar (reigned 1 January 1670 – 4 July 1688) was the first leader, who organised a rebellion against Aurangzeb. He was the chieftain of Sinsini . Before Rajaram the zamindars were organised by different village heads dotted around Agra , Mathura and the Yamuna river.
The siege of Jinji, (September 1690–8 January 1698), began when the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb appointed Zulfiqar Ali Khan as the Nawab of the Carnatic and dispatched him to besiege and capture Jinji Fort, which had been sacked and captured by Maratha Empire troops led by Rajaram, they had also ambushed and killed about 300 Mughal Sowars in the Carnatic.
They insisted that Rajaram leave Vishalgad for Senji (in present Tamil Nadu), which had been captured by Shivaji during his southern conquests and was now to be the new Maratha capital. Rajaram travelled south under escort of Khando Ballal and his men. [16] Aurangzeb was frustrated with Rajaram's successful escape.
Rajaram's Government deliberately weaned away many Maratha Chiefs who had accepted Mughal service. Aurangzeb profusely offered lands, titles and rewards as inducements to Maratha lords to renounce their Chhatrapati and accept Mughal service. Maratha Government adopted the same methods for counteraction. [26]
Aurangzeb and the Mughals belonged to a branch of the Timurid dynasty. He held administrative and military posts under his father Shah Jahan (r. 1628–1658) and gained recognition as an accomplished military commander. Aurangzeb served as the viceroy of the Deccan in 1636–1637 and the governor of Gujarat in 1645–1647.
In 1697, Rajaram offered a truce but this was rejected by Aurangzeb. Rajaram died in 1700 at Sinhagad. His widow, Tarabai, assumed control in the name of her son, Ramaraja (Shivaji II). [46] A portrait of Sambhaji, son of Shivaji, and the second Maratha ruler.
The mothers, wives, daughters and sons of Sambhaji and Rajaram were taken as prisoners by Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat Jung. [3] [4] The captured members were treated graciously. Aurangzeb ordered a tent to be set-up for them in Gulbarga. They were treated with respect and privacy. Annual pensions were fixed for all of them according to their position ...
Sambhaji deposes his younger brother Rajaram I and places Rajaram and Rajaram's mother under house arrest. June 22 – The Sanquhar Declaration , written by Richard Cameron , leader of the Covenanters who oppose the control of religion in Scotland by King Charles , is read aloud by Richard's brother Michael Cameron at the public square in the ...