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Every time an electrical power device (for example: heaters, lamps, motors, transformers or similar power loads) turns on or off, its switch, relay or contactor transitions either from a CLOSED to an OPEN state ("BREAK") or from an OPEN to a CLOSED state ("MAKE"), under load, an electrical arc occurs between the two contact points (electrodes) of the switch.
These different ratings are due to contacts being designed to compensate for the destructive arcing that naturally occurs between the electrodes during normal Wet operation. Contact arcing is so destructive that the electrical life of power relays and contactors is most often a fraction of their respective mechanical life. [1] [2] From left to ...
An electric arc between two nails. An electric arc (or arc discharge) is an electrical breakdown of a gas that produces a prolonged electrical discharge. The current through a normally nonconductive medium such as air produces a plasma, which may produce visible light. An arc discharge is initiated either by thermionic emission or by field ...
An arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) or arc-fault detection device (AFDD) [1] is a circuit breaker that breaks the circuit when it detects the electric arcs that are a signature of loose connections in home wiring. Loose connections, which can develop over time, can sometimes become hot enough to ignite house fires.
As the worker approaches the line, an arc will form between the line and the worker as they are being charged. This arc can be debilitating, and the worker must immediately bond themself electrically to the line to prevent further arcing. [3] A worker may use a conducting wand during the approach to first make the connection.
In aircraft, electrical bonding prevents static electricity build-up that can interfere with radio and navigational equipment. Bonding also provides lightning protection by allowing the current to pass through the airframe with minimum arcing. Bonding prevents dangerous static discharges in aircraft fuel tanks and hoses.
The coil diode clamp makes the relay turn off slower ( = /) and thus increases contact arc [clarification needed] if with a motor load which also needs a snubber. The diode clamp works well for coasting a uni-directional motor to a stop, but for bi-directional motors, a bipolar TVS is used.
An arc flash is the light and heat produced as part of an arc fault (sometimes referred to as an electrical flashover), a type of electrical explosion or discharge that results from a connection through air to ground or another voltage phase in an electrical system. Arc flash is distinctly different from the arc blast, which is the supersonic ...