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Anti-double stranded DNA (Anti-dsDNA) antibodies are a group of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) the target antigen of which is double stranded DNA. Blood tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence are routinely performed to detect anti-dsDNA antibodies in diagnostic laboratories.
Anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies are highly associated with SLE. They are a very specific marker for the disease, with some studies quoting nearly 100%. [8] Data on sensitivity ranges from 25 to 85%. Anti-dsDNA antibody levels, known as titres, correlate with disease activity in SLE; high levels indicate more active lupus.
Post-streptococcus glomerulonephritis is more often associated with group A strep skin infection than it is with strep pharyngitis, so in a patient with suspected post-strep glomerulonephritis with a negative ASO titer, one can then obtain anti-DNase-B titers which are more sensitive for group A strep and for its various strains.
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has become the most widely used technique for testing for anti-ENAs due to them being simple to perform, quantitative, and high volume output. While this method has increased assay sensitivity and is efficient for high volume labs, they have a much lower disease specificity than alternative techniques.
For instance, up to 80% of those with SLE will have a positive double strand anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) autoantibody test, but only about 25–30% will have a positive RNP. Some individuals who do have an autoimmune disorder will have negative autoantibody test results, but at a later date – as the disorder progresses - the ...
Anti Scl-70 antibodies (also called anti-topoisomerase I after the type I topoisomerase target [1]) is a type of antinuclear autoantibody seen mainly in diffuse systemic scleroderma, but is also seen the more limited form of systemic scleroderma called CREST syndrome. [2]
Anti-histone antibodies are autoantibodies that are a subset of the anti-nuclear antibody family, which specifically target histone protein subunits or histone complexes. [1] They were first reported by Henry Kunkel , H.R. Holman, and H.R.G. Dreicher in their studies of cellular causes of lupus erythematosus in 1959–60.
Rotavirus. A nucleic acid test (NAT) is a technique used to detect a particular nucleic acid sequence and thus usually to detect and identify a particular species or subspecies of organism, often a virus or bacterium that acts as a pathogen in blood, tissue, urine, etc. NATs differ from other tests in that they detect genetic materials (RNA or DNA) rather than antigens or antibodies.