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  2. Torsion of a curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion_of_a_curve

    A plane curve with non-vanishing curvature has zero torsion at all points. Conversely, if the torsion of a regular curve with non-vanishing curvature is identically zero, then this curve belongs to a fixed plane. The curvature and the torsion of a helix are constant. Conversely, any space curve whose curvature and torsion are both constant and ...

  3. Helix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helix

    A curve is called a general helix or cylindrical helix [4] if its tangent makes a constant angle with a fixed line in space. A curve is a general helix if and only if the ratio of curvature to torsion is constant. [5] A curve is called a slant helix if its principal normal makes a constant angle with a fixed line in space. [6]

  4. Frenet–Serret formulas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenet–Serret_formulas

    Two helices (slinkies) in space. (a) A more compact helix with higher curvature and lower torsion. (b) A stretched out helix with slightly higher torsion but lower curvature. The sign of the torsion is determined by the right-handed or left-handed sense in which the helix twists around its central axis

  5. Curvature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curvature

    The normal curvature, k n, is the curvature of the curve projected onto the plane containing the curve's tangent T and the surface normal u; the geodesic curvature, k g, is the curvature of the curve projected onto the surface's tangent plane; and the geodesic torsion (or relative torsion), τ r, measures the rate of change of the surface ...

  6. Torsion (mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion_(mechanics)

    Torsion of a square section bar Example of torsion mechanics. In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque [1] [2].Torsion could be defined as strain [3] [4] or angular deformation [5], and is measured by the angle a chosen section is rotated from its equilibrium position [6].

  7. Torsion tensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion_tensor

    The torsion form, an alternative characterization of torsion, applies to the frame bundle FM of the manifold M. This principal bundle is equipped with a connection form ω , a gl ( n )-valued one-form which maps vertical vectors to the generators of the right action in gl ( n ) and equivariantly intertwines the right action of GL( n ) on the ...

  8. Moving frame - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_frame

    The Frenet–Serret formulas show that there is a pair of functions defined on the curve, the torsion and curvature, which are obtained by differentiating the frame, and which describe completely how the frame evolves in time along the curve. A key feature of the general method is that a preferred moving frame, provided it can be found, gives a ...

  9. Differentiable curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiable_curve

    The second generalized curvature χ 2 (t) is called torsion and measures the deviance of γ from being a plane curve. In other words, if the torsion is zero, the curve lies completely in the same osculating plane (there is only one osculating plane for every point t ).