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France has a long tradition of social and state intervention in the provision of housing. In 1775, the Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans was built with a part dedicated to house workers. [1] In the 19th century the cités ouvrières (company towns) appeared, inspired by the Phalanstère of Charles Fourier. [2]
The Lavirotte Building, an apartment building at 29 Avenue Rapp in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, was designed by the architect Jules Lavirotte and built between 1899 and 1901. The building is one of the best-known surviving examples of Art Nouveau architecture in Paris.
In France, 72% of HLM (95% since 2000) are houses or small buildings of 20 apartments. [1] An habitation à loyer modéré (HLM, pronounced [aʃ ɛl ɛm], lit. ' housing at moderate rent '), is a form of low-income housing in France, Algeria, Senegal, and Quebec. It may be public or private, with rent subsidies.
The average rent of modest-income Parisians was about 69 francs a year; the wealthiest one-eighth of Parisians paid rents of more than 150 francs a year; in 1805 the sculptor Moitte, with a household of seven persons, paid annual rent of 1500 francs for an apartment with a grand salon and bedroom overlooking the Seine, two other bedrooms ...
Les Espaces d'Abraxas is a high-density housing complex in Noisy-le-Grand, approximately 12 km (7.5 mi) from Paris, France. [1] The building was designed by architect Ricardo Bofill and his architecture practice Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura (RBTA) in 1978 [2] on behalf of the French government, [3] during a period of increased urbanisation across France after World War II. [4]
The rent was one million francs per year, subject to the condition that he spend thirty million francs renovating the house. [4] Al-Fayed extensively refurbished and restored what he termed the Villa Windsor, and for his efforts, he was promoted to the grade of Officer in the Légion d'honneur in 1989.
Paris, including both the City of Paris and the Île-de-France region (Paris Region), is the most important center of economic activity in France, accounting for about thirty percent of the French GDP. [2] Paris had the fifth largest metropolitan economy in the world in 2011 according to the Brookings Institution and second in Europe. [3]
The tallest structure in the City of Paris and the Île-de-France remains the Eiffel Tower in the 7th arrondissement, 330 meters high, completed in 1889 as the gateway to the 1889 Paris Universal Exposition. The tallest building in the Paris region is the Tour Link, at 242 meters, located in La Défense. It is tied for ninth place among the ...