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Insulin self-injected for treatment of diabetes (i.e., diabetic hypoglycemia) Insulin self-injected surreptitiously (e.g., Munchausen syndrome) Insulin self-injected in a suicide attempt or fatality; Various forms of diagnostic challenge or "tolerance tests" Insulin tolerance test for pituitary or adrenergic response assessment; Protein challenge
Symptoms of diabetic hypoglycemia, when they occur, are those of hypoglycemia: neuroglycopenic, adrenergic (that is, activating adrenergic receptors, resulting e.g. in fast heartbeat), and abdominal. Symptoms and effects can be mild, moderate or severe, depending on how low the glucose falls and a variety of other factors.
When individuals take insulin without needing it, to purposefully induce hypoglycemia, this is referred to as surreptitious insulin use or factitious hypoglycemia. [3] [2] [24] Some people may use insulin to induce weight loss, whereas for others this may be due to malingering or factitious disorder, which is a psychiatric disorder. [24]
Insulin resistance, or low insulin sensitivity, happens when cells throughout the body don’t respond properly to the hormone insulin, especially cells in muscles, fat and the liver.
Blood glucose levels in pregnant women should be regulated as strictly as possible. During the first weeks of pregnancy less insulin treatment is required due to tight blood sugar control as well as the extra glucose needed for the growing fetus. [11] At this time basal and bolus insulin may need to be reduced to prevent hypoglycemia. Frequent ...
The various signs and symptoms in Sheehan's syndrome are caused by damage to the pituitary, thereby causing a decrease in one or more of the hormones it normally secretes. Since the pituitary controls many glands in the endocrine system, partial or complete loss of a variety of functions may result. [5]
The net effect is an increase of free cortisol. This contributes to insulin resistance of pregnancy and possibly striae. [5] Despite the increase in cortisol, the pregnant mom does not exhibit Cushing syndrome or symptoms of high cortisol. One theory is that high progesterone levels act as an antagonist to the cortisol.
At Camarillo State Hospital, he worked off and on at the “insulin shock ward” from 1939 to 1941. It was a 20-bed dorm for the treatment of schizophrenia in the desperate era before ...