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An artificial heart valve is a one-way valve implanted into a person's heart to replace a heart valve that is not functioning properly (valvular heart disease).Artificial heart valves can be separated into three broad classes: mechanical heart valves, bioprosthetic tissue valves and engineered tissue valves.
The major advantage of stentless valves is that they limit patient–prosthesis mismatch (when the area of the prosthetic valve is too small in relation to the size of the patient, increasing the pressure inside the valve [23]) and can be helpful when dealing with small aortic root. However, stentless valves take more time than stented valves ...
The implantation of the Hancock Aortic Tissue Valve typically involves open-heart surgery. [14] During the procedure, the damaged or diseased native aortic valve is removed, and the prosthetic valve is sutured in its place. The secure attachment of the valve is crucial to ensure proper functionality and prevent complications such as leakage.
Aortic and/or mitral valve disease resulting in severe pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary pressure greater than 75% of systemic pressures) Aortic and/or mitral valve disease with severe LV dysfunction (EF less than 0.40) Mechanical prosthetic valve requiring anticoagulation; Marfan syndrome with or without aortic regurgitation [42]
Aortic valve replacement using conventional cryopreserved homografts is currently performed only in about 3% of all patients, mostly to treat acute aortic valve endocarditis.1 Severe calcification of conventional homografts frequently occurs and is the main reason for its restrictive use, however, current guidelines confirm homografts as a ...
The cumulative rate of prosthetic valve endocarditis is 1.5 to 3.0% at one year following valve replacement and 3 to 6% at five years, the risk being the greatest during the first six months after valve replacement. Prosthetic valve endocarditis arising within two months of valve surgery is generally the result of intra-operative contamination ...
Valve replacement surgery is the replacement of one or more of the heart valves with either an artificial heart valve or a bioprosthesis (homograft from human tissue or xenograft e.g. from pig). It is an alternative to valve repair .
In fact, mitral valve repair is recommended by international guidelines wherever possible. [ 32 ] [ 33 ] Advantages of mitral valve repair over replacement include lower surgical mortality (~1% for repair vs ~5% for replacement [ 34 ] ), lower rates of stroke and endocarditis (an infection of the heart’s inner lining), equivalent or better ...