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A blowoff valve is designed to release pressure in the intake system when the throttle is closed. A "recirculating" type blowoff valve releases the pressurised air back into the non-pressurized section of the intake (i.e. upstream of the turbocharger), while an "atmospheric venting" type blowoff valve dumps the air directly into the atmosphere.
Inside the wastegate actuator, a spring acts to open the wastegate, and oil pressure acts to close the wastegate. On the oil output side of the wastegate actuator sits the density controller, an air-controlled oil valve which senses upper deck pressure and controls how fast oil can bleed from the wastegate actuator back to the engine. As the ...
Regardless of the effectiveness of the boost controller, wastegate actuator springs that are too soft can cause the wastegate to open before desired. This due to the exhaust gas backpressure pushing against the wastegate valve itself, causing the valve to open of the actuator at all. Therefore, there is an upper limit to the effectiveness of a ...
The design used a complex series of bypass valves in the induction and exhaust systems as well as an electromagnetic clutch so that, at low engine speeds, a boost was derived from the supercharger. In the middle of the rev range, a boost was derived from both systems, while at the highest revs the system disconnected the drive from the ...
The turbocharger compressor housing features a built-in bypass valve, and the turbo housing is cast into the exhaust manifold with a loop-around flow pattern. The boost level varies anywhere from 11 psi (0.76 bar) to 15 psi (1.0 bar), depending on the PCM's desired torque target and temperature conditions, but will be reduced if significant ...
A mechanically driven supercharger offers exceptional response and low-rpm performance, as it does not rely on pressurization of the exhaust manifold (assuming that it is a positive-displacement design, such as a Roots-type or twin-screw, as opposed to a centrifugal supercharger, which does not provide substantial boost in the lower rpm range), but is less efficient than a turbocharger due to ...
The solenoid valve regulates the amount of oil pumped by the cam action to either the valve or a bypass reservoir. When pressurized, the hydraulic line behaves like a solid body and transmits the lift schedule imparted by the intake cam directly to the intake valve. When the solenoid is disengaged, a spring takes over valve actuation duties.
A desmodromic valve is a reciprocating engine poppet valve that is positively closed by a cam and leverage system, rather than by a more conventional spring. The valves in a typical four-stroke engine allow the air/fuel mixture into the cylinder at the beginning of the cycle and exhaust spent gases at the end of the cycle. In a conventional ...