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As humans fall asleep, body activity slows down. Body temperature, heart rate, breathing rate, and energy use all decrease. Brain waves slow down. The excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine becomes less available in the brain. [9] Humans often maneuver to create a thermally friendly environment—for example, by curling up into a ball if cold.
In humans and cats, NREM sleep has four stages, where the third and fourth stages are considered slow-wave sleep (SWS). SWS is considered deep sleep, when metabolism is least active. [1] Metabolism involves two biochemical processes that occur in living organisms. The first is anabolism, which refers to the build up of molecules.
This isn’t the first time that better sleep has been linked with a lower risk of dementia: A study published in October even found that people with sleep apnea are more likely to develop dementia.
During sleep, there is a marked decrease in muscle activity and interactions with the surrounding environment. While sleep differs from wakefulness in terms of the ability to react to stimuli, it still involves active brain patterns, making it more reactive than a coma or disorders of consciousness. [1]
But in people with dementia—which is an umbrella term for mental decline and can be related to a number of diseases such as Alzheimer's—there’s a phenomenon known as “sundowning,” where ...
For some time now, research has shown the importance of certain vitamins and how they contribute to our brain function. And with the number of people with dementia rapidly increasing in the U.S ...
The results of the study indicate that performance is significantly worse on free recall of the list of nouns when sleep deprived (an average of 2.8 ± 2 words) compared to having a normal night of sleep (4.7 ± 4 words). In terms of brain regions activated, the left prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, and temporal lobes were found to be ...
As human beings get older, our movements naturally start to slow down. New research suggests that older adults may move slower partly because it costs them more energy than younger adults.