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India has 641,000 inhabited villages and 72.2 percent of the total population reside in these rural areas. [8] Of them 145,000 villages have population size of 500–999 persons; 130,000 villages have population size of 1000–1999 and 128,000 villages have population size of 200–499.
RBI defines rural areas as those areas with a population of less than 49,000 (tier -3 to tier-6 cities). [11] It is generally said that the rural areas house up to 70% of India's population. Rural India contributes a large chunk to India's GDP by way of agriculture, self-employment, services, construction etc.
India occupies 2.41% of the world's land area but supports over 18% of the world's population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the population [ 50 ] lived in about 638,000 villages [ 51 ] and the remaining 27.8% [ 50 ] lived in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations .
Census of India (2011) states the following criteria in defining towns. They are: Statutory Town (ST): All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board, or notified town area committee, etc. Census Town (CT): Those which have a population greater than 5000. Other definitions include percentage of non-agriculture working population ...
The population of India as per 2011 census was 1,210,854,977. [31] India added 181.5 million to its population since 2001, slightly lower than the population of Brazil. India, with 2.4% of the world's surface area, accounts for 17.5% of its population. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state with roughly 200 million people.
PRIs in rural areas have 3 hierarchies of panchayats, Gram panchayats at village level, Panchayat Samiti at block level, and Zilla panchayats at district level. [4] Panchayats cover about 96% of India's more than 5.8 lakh (580,000) villages and nearly 99.6% of the rural population.
The following tables list the population details of various states. The columns include the hierarchical administrative subdivision codes , [ 8 ] the district name, district headquarters, 2011 census population, [ 9 ] area in square kilometres, and the population density per square kilometre.
Various poverty lines and resulting percentage of BPL population Method Line Figure % of poor population Poor population World Bank (2021) poverty line 1.90 (PPP $ day) 6 84m [7] lower middle-income line 3.20 (PPP $ day) 26.2 365m [7] upper middle-income line 5.50 (PPP $ day) 60.1 838m [7] Asian Development Bank (2014) poverty line