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  2. Fiscal policy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_policy

    Fiscal policy can be distinguished from monetary policy, in that fiscal policy deals with taxation and government spending and is often administered by a government department; while monetary policy deals with the money supply, interest rates and is often administered by a country's central bank. Both fiscal and monetary policies influence a ...

  3. National fiscal policy responses to the Great Recession

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_fiscal_policy...

    The International Monetary Fund recommended that countries implement fiscal stimulus measures equal to 2% of their GDP to help offset the global contraction. [1] In subsequent years, fiscal consolidation measures were implemented by some countries in an effort to reduce debt and deficit levels while at the same time stimulating economic recovery.

  4. Government spending - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_spending

    Government spending can be a useful economic policy tool for governments. Fiscal policy can be defined as the use of government spending and/or taxation as a mechanism to influence an economy. [13] [14] There are two types of fiscal policy: expansionary fiscal policy, and contractionary fiscal policy. Expansionary fiscal policy is an increase ...

  5. Fiscal policy of the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_policy_of_the...

    In fiscal year 2005, the deficit began to shrink due to a sharp increase in tax revenue. By 2007, the deficit was reduced to $161 billion; less than half of what it was in 2004 and the budget appeared well on its way to balance once again. Fiscal policy is the application of taxation and government spending to influence economic performance.

  6. Procyclical and countercyclical variables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyclical_and...

    The concept is often encountered in the context of a government's approach to spending and taxation. A 'procyclical fiscal policy' can be summarised simply as governments choosing to increase government spending and reduce taxes during an economic expansion, but reduce spending and increase taxes during a recession.

  7. Expansionary fiscal contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansionary_fiscal...

    An IMF working paper [4] by Guajardo, Leigh, and Pescatori [5] published in Journal of the European Economic Association on Expansionary Austerity and the Expansionary Fiscal Contraction hypothesis that examined changes in policy designed to reduce deficits found that austerity had contractionary effects on private domestic demand and GDP.

  8. Economic policy of the first Donald Trump administration

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the...

    Fiscal year 2019 (FY 2019) ran from October 1, 2018, through September 30, 2019. It was the first fiscal year where Trump's tax cuts were in effect for the entire period. The Treasury Department reported on October 17, 2019, that the budget deficit rose from $778 billion in FY2018 to $984 billion in FY2018, an increase of $205 billion or 26%.

  9. Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Growth_and_Tax...

    An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to section 104 of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2002. Acronyms (colloquial) EGTRRA: Enacted by: the 107th United States Congress: Citations; Public law: Public Law 107-16: Legislative history