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Archimedes of Syracuse [a] (/ ˌ ɑːr k ɪ ˈ m iː d iː z / AR-kim-EE-deez; [2] c. 287 – c. 212 BC) was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily. [3] Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical ...
He wrote the work "Siege Machines," specifically referring to "greater catapults". Agesistratus constructed the largest catapult of antiquity, whose effective range of a 1.85 m long javelin reached 4 stades, about 750 m, literally piercing any shield with a breastplate carried behind it. It is believed that no other war machine of antiquity ...
Ancient Greek technology developed during the 5th century BC, continuing up to and including the Roman period, and beyond. Inventions that are credited to the ancient Greeks include the gear, screw, rotary mills, bronze casting techniques, water clock, water organ, the torsion catapult, the use of steam to operate some experimental machines and ...
Basic diagram of an onager, a type of catapult. A catapult is a ballistic device used to launch a projectile a great distance without the aid of gunpowder or other propellants – particularly various types of ancient and medieval siege engines. [1] A catapult uses the sudden release of stored potential energy to propel its payload.
Windlass: The Greek scientist Archimedes was the inventor of the windlass. Windmill: Hero of Alexandria in first-century Roman Egypt described what appears to be a wind-driven wheel to power a machine. His description of a wind-powered organ is not a practical windmill, but was either an early wind-powered toy, or a design concept for a wind ...
Biton of Pergamon (Greek: Βίτων) was an ancient Greek writer and engineer, [1] who lived in the second or third century BC.Only two of his works are known: a lost book on optics, entitled Optics, and an extant short treatise on siege machines, Construction of War Machines and Catapults (Ancient Greek: Κατασκευαὶ πολεμικω̑ν ὄργάνων καὶ ...
Philo of Byzantium [a] (Ancient Greek: Φίλων ὁ Βυζάντιος, Phílōn ho Byzántios, c. 280 BC – c. 220 BC), also known as Philo Mechanicus (Latin for "Philo the Engineer"), was a Greek engineer, physicist and writer on mechanics, who lived during the latter half of the 3rd century BC.
It was described in the 1st century AD by the Greek author Heron of Alexandria in his work Belopoeica, which draws on an earlier account of the famous Greek engineer Ctesibius (fl. 285–222 BC). Heron identifies the gastraphetes as the forerunner of the later catapult, which places its invention some unknown time prior to c. 420 BC. [2]