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This includes the girders themselves, diaphragms or cross-braces, and (if applicable) the truss or arch system. In a girder bridge this would include only the girders and the bracing system. The girders are the primary load support, while the bracing system both allows the girders to act together as a unit, and prevents the beams from toppling.
In a plate girder bridge, the plate girders are typically I-beams made up from separate structural steel plates (rather than rolled as a single cross-section), which are welded or, in older bridges, bolted or riveted together to form the vertical web and horizontal flanges of the beam. In some cases, the plate girders may be formed in a Z-shape ...
A box girder bridge, or box section bridge, is a bridge in which the main beams comprise girders in the shape of a hollow box. The box girder normally comprises prestressed concrete, structural steel, or a composite of steel and reinforced concrete. The box is typically rectangular or trapezoidal in cross-section. Box girder bridges are ...
The old Britannia Bridge with train track inside the box-girder tunnel Section of the original tubular Britannia Bridge The patent curved and tapered box girder jib of a Fairbairn steam crane. A box girder or tubular girder (or box beam) is a girder that forms an enclosed tube with multiple walls, as opposed to an Ɪ-or H-beam.
Cable-stayed bridge and Suspension bridge: 1,408 m (4,619 ft) Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge, [2] Istanbul: Cantilever bridge: 549 m (Quebec bridge) 1042.6 m (Forth Bridge) Cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge: Clapper bridge: Covered bridge: Girder bridge: Continuous span girder bridge Integral bridge: Extradosed bridge: 1,920 m Arrah–Chhapra ...
Cable-stayed bridge: 2002 France Verrières: Road 11 Europe bridge: P3 136,5 m Girder bridge: 1963 Italy Brenner Autobahn: Highway 12 Millau Viaduct: P5 136,4 m Cable-stayed bridge: 2004 France Millau: Highway 13 Weitigen viaduct P2 127 m Box girder bridge: 1978 Germany Neckar: Road 14 Pays de Tulle viaduct P4 124 m Girder bridge: 2002 France ...
Beam bridges are the simplest structural forms for bridge spans supported by an abutment or pier at each end. [1] No moments are transferred throughout the support, hence their structural type is known as simply supported. The simplest beam bridge could be a log (see log bridge), a wood plank, or a stone slab (see clapper bridge) laid
Attempts have been made to increase the safety of bridges with pin and hanger assemblies by adding some form of redundancy to the assembly. Retrofits that add redundancy to pin and hanger assemblies include adding a "catcher's mitt"—a short steel beam attached to the bottom of the cantilevered girder that extends out beneath the suspended girder to "catch" the suspended girder should ...