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The term "girder" is typically used to refer to a steel beam. In a beam or girder bridge, the beams themselves are the primary support for the deck, and are responsible for transferring the load down to the foundation. Material type, shape, and weight all affect how much weight a beam can hold.
In some cases, the plate girders may be formed in a Z-shape rather than I-shape. The first tubular wrought iron plate girder bridge was built in 1846-47 by James Millholland for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. [2] Plate girder bridges are suitable for short to medium spans and may support railroads, highways, or other traffic. Plate girders ...
Beam bridges are the simplest structural forms for bridge spans supported by an abutment or pier at each end. [1] No moments are transferred throughout the support, hence their structural type is known as simply supported. The simplest beam bridge could be a log (see log bridge), a wood plank, or a stone slab (see clapper bridge) laid
Cable-stayed bridge and Suspension bridge: 1,408 m (4,619 ft) Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge, [2] Istanbul: Cantilever bridge: 549 m (Quebec bridge) 1042.6 m (Forth Bridge) Cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge: Clapper bridge: Covered bridge: Girder bridge: Continuous span girder bridge Integral bridge: Extradosed bridge: 1,920 m Arrah–Chhapra ...
2 Millau Viaduct: P3 221,7 m Cable-stayed bridge: 2004 France Millau: Highway 3 Kochertal viaduct P4 and P5 176 m Girder bridge: 1979 Germany Kocher: Highway 4 Lavant Viaduct: P3 and P4 165 m Girder bridge: 1981 Austria Twimberg Highway 5 Rago viaduct P2 150 m Box girder bridge: 1974 Italy Morano Calabro: Highway 6 Europe bridge: P4 146,5 m Box ...
Attempts have been made to increase the safety of bridges with pin and hanger assemblies by adding some form of redundancy to the assembly. Retrofits that add redundancy to pin and hanger assemblies include adding a "catcher's mitt"—a short steel beam attached to the bottom of the cantilevered girder that extends out beneath the suspended girder to "catch" the suspended girder should ...
The old Britannia Bridge with train track inside the box-girder tunnel Section of the original tubular Britannia Bridge The patent curved and tapered box girder jib of a Fairbairn steam crane. A box girder or tubular girder (or box beam) is a girder that forms an enclosed tube with multiple walls, as opposed to an Ɪ-or H-beam.
A Vierendeel bridge is a bridge employing a Vierendeel truss, named after Arthur Vierendeel, a Belgian engineer who proposed this new bridge girder-type without diagonals in 1896. [ 1 ] Such trusses are made up of rectangular rather than triangular frames, as are common in bridges using pin–joints .