Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The expected return (or expected gain) on a financial investment is the expected value of its return (of the profit on the investment). It is a measure of the center of the distribution of the random variable that is the return. [1] It is calculated by using the following formula:
This investment had a negative 40% ROI in two and a half years. Return on Investment and Time. The basic ROI calculation does not consider the amount of time the investment is held. If you only ...
Return on investment (ROI) or return on costs (ROC) is the ratio between net income (over a period) and investment (costs resulting from an investment of some resources at a point in time). A high ROI means the investment's gains compare favourably to its cost.
Return on Time Invested (ROTI) is a metric employed to assess the productivity and efficiency of time spent on a specific activity, project, or product. The concept is similar to return on investment (ROI), but instead of financial capital , ROTI measures the qualitative and quantitative outcomes derived from the time invested.
Portfolio optimization is the process of selecting an optimal portfolio (asset distribution), out of a set of considered portfolios, according to some objective.The objective typically maximizes factors such as expected return, and minimizes costs like financial risk, resulting in a multi-objective optimization problem.
Any investment with a nominal annual return (i.e., unadjusted annual return) less than the annual inflation rate represents a loss of value in real terms, even when the nominal annual return is greater than 0%, and the purchasing power at the end of the period is less than the purchasing power at the beginning.
The assumption of constant investment opportunities can be relaxed. This requires a model for how ,, change over time. An interest rate model could be added and would lead to a portfolio containing bonds of different maturities. Some authors have added a stochastic volatility model of stock market returns.
( ()) is the market premium, the expected excess return of the market portfolio's expected return over the risk-free rate. A derivation [ 14 ] is as follows: (1) The incremental impact on risk and expected return when an additional risky asset, a , is added to the market portfolio, m , follows from the formulae for a two-asset portfolio.