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Propionic acid (/ p r oʊ p i ˈ ɒ n ɪ k /, from the Greek words πρῶτος : prōtos, meaning "first", and πίων : píōn, meaning "fat"; also known as propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 H. It is a liquid with a pungent and unpleasant smell somewhat resembling body odor. The ...
Propionic acid: Propanoic acid CH 3 CH 2 COOH C3:0 Butyric acid: Butanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 2 COOH C4:0 Valeric acid: Pentanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 3 COOH C5:0 Caproic acid: Hexanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 4 COOH C6:0 Enanthic acid: Heptanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 5 COOH C7:0 Caprylic acid: Octanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 6 COOH C8:0 Pelargonic acid: Nonanoic acid ...
Propionic acid: propanoic acid ethanecarboxylic acid CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 H Acrylic acid: propenoic acid acroleic acid ethylenecarboxylic acid vinylformic acid CH 2 =CHCO 2 H Propiolic acid: propynoic acid propargylic acid acetylene carboxylic acid CH≡CCO 2 H Lactic acid: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid milk acid CH 3 CHOHCO 2 H 3-Hydroxypropionic acid: 3 ...
Lactic acid is used as a food preservative, curing agent, and flavoring agent. [51] It is an ingredient in processed foods and is used as a decontaminant during meat processing. [52] Lactic acid is produced commercially by fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, or lactose, or by chemical synthesis. [51]
Hypochlorous acid was used as the oxidant, and the focus of the study was on the capacity of the pyruvates to scavenge the reactive oxygen species. Ethyl pyruvate is a good antioxidant due to its α-ketocarboxylate structure, which allows it to reduce hydrogen peroxide to water and scavenge the hydroxyl radical through decarboxylation.
When propanoic acid was infused directly into rodents' brains, it produced reversible behavior changes (e.g. hyperactivity, dystonia, social impairment, perseveration) and brain changes (e.g. innate neuroinflammation, glutathione depletion) partially mimicking human autism. [11] Calcium propionate can be used as a fungicide on fruit. [12]
Industrial route to propionic anhydride involves thermal dehydration of propionic acid, driving off the water by distillation: 2 CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 H → (CH 3 CH 2 CO) 2 O + H 2 O. Another routes is the Reppe carbonylation of ethylene with propionic acid and nickel carbonyl as the catalyst: [1] CH 2 =CH 2 + CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 H + CO → (CH 3 CH 2 CO) 2 O
It is the ester of propanol and propionic acid. Like most esters, propyl propanoate is a colorless liquid with a fruity odor. The scent of propyl propionate is described as a chemically tinged pineapple or pear. It is used in perfumery and as a solvent. [2] [3] The refractive index at 20 °C is 1.393.