Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single-use pre-shared key that is larger than or equal to the size of the message being sent. In this technique, a plaintext is paired with a random secret key (also referred to as a one-time pad).
In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encrypting in which units of plaintext are replaced with the ciphertext, in a defined manner, with the help of a key; the "units" may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth.
A sample NSA one-time pad. one time pad (OTP or OTPad) - keying material that should be as long as the plaintext and should only be used once. If truly random and not reused it's the most secure encryption method. See one-time pad article.
This can be seen as the one-time pad for authentication. [10] The simplest such pairwise independent hash function is defined by the random key, key = (a, b), and the MAC tag for a message m is computed as tag = (am + b) mod p, where p is prime.
One-time pad, in cryptography; One-time password or one-time PIN, a password or PIN that is valid for only one login session or transaction; One-time programmable memory, a type of programmable read-only memory (ROM) in electronics; Open Telecom Platform, a collection of middleware, libraries, and tools written in Erlang programming language
Although ciphers can be confusion-only (substitution cipher, one-time pad) or diffusion-only (transposition cipher), any "reasonable" block cipher uses both confusion and diffusion. [2] These concepts are also important in the design of cryptographic hash functions , and pseudorandom number generators , where decorrelation of the generated ...
In cryptography, a keystream is a stream of random or pseudorandom characters that are combined with a plaintext message to produce an encrypted message (the ciphertext).. The "characters" in the keystream can be bits, bytes, numbers or actual characters like A-Z depending on the usage case.
With a key that is truly random, the result is a one-time pad, which is unbreakable in theory. The XOR operator in any of these ciphers is vulnerable to a known-plaintext attack, since plaintext ciphertext = key. It is also trivial to flip arbitrary bits in the decrypted plaintext by manipulating the ciphertext.