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Alaska History 4/2 (1989), 1-31; O'Neill, Dan (1995). The Firecracker Boys. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-13416-9. Seife, Charles (2009) [2008]. Sun in a Bottle: The Strange History of Fusion and the Science of Wishful Thinking. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-311634-9. Vandegraft, Douglas L Project Chariot: Nuclear Legacy of Cape Thompson ...
1943 – Laboratory No. 2 is established to pursue nuclear weapons research under Igor Kurchatov. [6] 1943 – March – The Japanese Committee on Research in the Application of Nuclear Physics, chaired by Yoshio Nishina concludes in a report that while an atomic bomb was feasible, it would be unlikely to produce one during the war.
The project identified numerous sites in the coterminous United States, Pacific Ocean, Alaska and overseas, narrowing the list to ten locations. In late 1963, the process became Project Larkspur , which selected Amchitka Island as the preferred test site for atmospheric testing, using another Vela Uniform project for underground testing, as cover.
However, the United States withdrew three of the four nuclear-capable weapons systems from Canada by 1972, the fourth by 1984, and all nuclear-capable weapons systems from Greece by 2001. [ 120 ] [ 121 ] As of April 2019 [update] , the United States maintained around 100 nuclear weapons in Europe, as reflected in the accompanying table.
Canada's first nuclear power plant, a partnership between AECL and Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, went online in 1962 near the site of Chalk River Laboratories. This reactor, Nuclear Power Demonstration (NPD), was a demonstration of the CANDU reactor design, one of the world's safest and most successful nuclear reactors.
A rough map of the three warning lines. From north to south: the Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line, Mid-Canada Line, and Pinetree Line. The Distant Early Warning Line, also known as the DEW Line or Early Warning Line, was a system of radar stations in the northern Arctic region of Canada, with additional stations along the north coast and Aleutian Islands of Alaska (see Project Stretchout and ...
The reactor would become the foundation and a model for future energy-producing reactors, pushing Canada to the global forefront of nuclear research during the late 1940s. [90] In the 20th century, Ontario is now a province that has banned nuclear weapons, with Toronto as a self-declared nuclear-weapons-free zone. The city of Toronto has ...
Canada has a long history of involvement with nuclear research, dating back to the pioneering work of Ernest Rutherford at McGill University in 1899. [1] In 1940, George Laurence of the National Research Council (NRC) began experiments in Ottawa to measure neutron capture and nuclear fission in uranium to demonstrate the feasibility of a ...