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In addition to creating the new AIS and minimally-invasive categories, the guidelines recommend new terminology to clearly denote predominantly-noninvasive adenocarcinoma with mild invasion (lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma), as well as invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma in place of mucinous BAC. [14]
Invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung includes a heterogenous mixture of subtypes and variants. The 2011 consensus describes five subtypes of invasive adenocarcinomas based on the cell pattern that is most predominant. These subtypes are described below: Histopathology of lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma. Acinar pattern. [16] Solid pattern. [17]
Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung (MIA) is defined as a small (≤3 cm), solitary tumour with predominant alveolar epithelial appearance (lepidic growth), as in situ adenocarcinoma of the lung, with a zone of focal invasion of the stroma with a size inferior to 5 mm. [1] For MIA—as with adenocarcinoma in situ—, the prognosis is near 100% survival.
Acinar adenocarcinoma of the lung is a highly lethal disease. Overall, the five-year survival rates approximate 16% to 22%. Generally, survival is better in all stages for patients with the acinar (or papillary) pattern than it is in patients with the solid pattern, but considerably worse than those with the bronchioloalveolar pattern.
Adenocarcinoma [1] (/ ˌ æ d ɪ n oʊ k ɑːr s ɪ ˈ n oʊ m ə /; plural adenocarcinomas or adenocarcinomata / ˌ æ d ɪ n oʊ k ɑːr s ɪ ˈ n oʊ m ə t ə /; AC) is a type of cancerous tumor that can occur in several parts of the body.
Adenocarcinoma of the lung is currently the most common type of lung cancer in "never smokers" (lifelong nonsmokers). [10] Adenocarcinomas account for about 40% of lung cancers. Historically, adenocarcinoma was more often seen peripherally in the lungs than SCLC and squamous-cell lung cancer, both of which tended to be more often centrally located.
NSCLCs comprise a group of three cancer types: adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, and large-cell carcinoma. [20] Nearly 40% of lung cancers are adenocarcinomas. [21] Their cells grow in three-dimensional clumps, resemble glandular cells, and may produce mucin. [20] About 30% of lung cancers are squamous-cell carcinomas.
While undifferentiated large-cell lung carcinoma is the most common parent lung tumor from which a rhabdoid phenotype evolves, [21] malignant cells with a rhabdoid phenotype are known to occur in many different histological variants of lung cancer, including adenocarcinoma, [22] sarcomatoid carcinoma, [23] [22] squamous cell carcinoma, [24 ...