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Breech-loading firearm that belonged to Philip V of Spain, made by A. Tienza, Madrid circa 1715. It came with a ready-to-load reusable cartridge. This is a miquelet system. Mechanism of Philip V's breech-loading firearm (detail) The breech mechanism of the Ferguson rifle. Breech-loading firearms are known from the 16th century.
Hence, unlike with a metal rifle cartridge, the breech mechanism itself somehow needed to provide obturation. The early "screw" mechanisms for sealing the breech consisted of threaded blocks which were screwed tightly into the breech after loading, but the threads themselves were insufficient to provide a gas-tight seal.
Sharps Model 1852 "slanting breech" Sharps Model 1852, lock Sharps Model 1852, breech Sharps Model 1852, breech open Sharps Model 1852 "slanting breech" carbine, under the forearm two primer-tapes Sharps rifles are a series of large-bore, single-shot , falling-block , breech-loading rifles , beginning with a design by Christian Sharps in 1848 ...
The new technology involved required higher standards of gun maintenance and gunner training than the British army was prepared to provide and as a result the gun had a reputation in service for unreliability. In 1871 Britain reverted to muzzle-loading guns, such as the RML 9 pounder 8 cwt, which were cheaper and fired much cheaper ammunition.
The converted rifles received a new breechblock/receiver assembly, but retained the original iron barrel, furniture, lock, and hammer. The Mark III rifles were newly made. They featured steel barrels which were so marked, flat nosed hammers, and a latch-locking breech block instead of the simple integral block lifting tang.
Remington Rolling Block is a family of breech-loading rifles that was produced from the mid-1860s into the early 20th century by E. Remington and Sons (later Remington Arms).
The Ferguson rifle is the first breech-loading rifle to be adopted by the military. It had a much faster fire rate than muskets, and was one of only a very few rifles that could be reloaded while in the prone position. The cost was much higher than any other rifle used by the British military.
Muzzle-loading guns (as opposed to muzzle-loading mortars and howitzers) are an early type of artillery, (often field artillery, but naval artillery and siege artillery were other types of muzzleloading artillery), used before, and even for some time after, breech-loading cannon became common.