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In 1912, geologist Patrick Marshall introduced the term "Andesite Line" to mark a boundary between islands in the southwest Pacific, which differ in volcano structure and lava types. The concept was later extended to other parts of the Pacific Ocean. [20] The Andesite Line and the Ring of Fire closely match in terms of location. [21]
The Cascadia subduction zone is a 960 km (600 mi) fault at a convergent plate boundary, about 100–200 km (70–100 mi) off the Pacific coast, that stretches from northern Vancouver Island in Canada to Northern California in the United States.
There is evidence that the Tacoma Fault connects with the White River River Fault (WRF) via the EPZ and Federal Way, under the Muckleshoot Basin (see map), [137] and thence to the Naches River Fault. If so, this would be a major fault system (over 185 km long), connecting the Puget Lowland with the Yakima Fold Belt on the other side of the ...
2016 – See Hope Fault M7.8: Kermadec-Tonga Subduction Zone: 3000: New Zealand: Subduction zone: Active: 2021 Kermadec Islands (M8.1) Kern Canyon Fault: Sierra Nevada, California, United States: Thrust fault: Kunlun fault: 1500: Tibet: Sinistral strike-slip: Active: 2001 Kunlun (M7.8) Kuril–Kamchatka Trench: 2900: From the Kuril Islands to ...
The Pacific Ring of Fire runs parallel to the line and is the world's foremost belt of explosive volcanism. The term andesite line predates the geologic understanding of plate tectonics . The term was first used in 1912 by New Zealand geologist Patrick Marshall to describe the distinct structural and volcanologic boundary extending from east of ...
A number of microplates exist between the two major plates and host various back-arc structures of which the largest are the volcanic Tonga–Kermadec Ridge, the actively spreading Lau Basin and the Havre Trough. At the southern end there is a transition to the transform faults of the South Island of New Zealand.
The 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) [4] long Macquarie fault zone (also known as the Macquarie Ridge, its gazetted name since 2015, [7] the Macquarie Ridge complex or historically as the Macquarie Fault) [Notes 1] is a major right lateral-moving transform fault along the seafloor of the south Pacific Ocean which runs from New Zealand southwestward towards the Macquarie triple junction.
The magnitudes ranged from 0.2 to 3.2 in 76 events over the course of the 15-day study; however, magnitudes in the region have gone up to a magnitude 6.4 within the last 5 years. Using the locations of these epicentres it is possible to map the Pacific plate boundary along the Dellwood valley where the concentrations of events occur. [4]