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MyoD, also known as myoblast determination protein 1, [5] is a protein in animals that plays a major role in regulating muscle differentiation.MyoD, which was discovered in the laboratory of Harold M. Weintraub, [6] belongs to a family of proteins known as myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). [7]
An enhancer localized in a DNA region distant from the promoter of a gene can have a very large effect on gene expression, with some genes undergoing up to 100-fold increased expression due to an activated enhancer. [32] Enhancers are regions of the genome that are major gene-regulatory elements.
Enhanceosomes are formed in special cases when these activators cooperatively bind together along the enhancer sequence to create a distinct three-dimensional structure. Each enhanceosome is unique towards its specific enhancer. This assembly is facilitated by energetically favorable protein: protein and protein: DNA interactions. Therefore ...
This region is known as the enhancer region. Studies have suggested that thyroid hormone (T3) controls Sox2 expression via the enhancer region. The expression of TRα1 (thyroid hormone receptor) is increased in proliferating and migrating neural stem cells.
A typical enhancer(TE), as illustrated in the top panel of the Figure, is a several hundred base pair region of DNA [1] [2] that can bind transcription factors to sequence motifs on the enhancer. The typical enhancer can come in proximity to its target gene through a large chromosome loop.
The bundle of His (BH) [1]: 58 or His bundle (HB) [1]: 232 (/ h ɪ s / "hiss" [2]) is a collection of heart muscle cells specialized for electrical conduction.As part of the electrical conduction system of the heart, it transmits the electrical impulses from the atrioventricular node (located between the atria and the ventricles) to the point of the apex of the fascicular branches via the ...
Insulators have also been found to cluster at the boundaries of topologically associating domains (TADs) and may have a role in partitioning the genome into "chromosome neighborhoods" - genomic regions within which regulation occurs. [7] [8] Some insulators can act as both enhancer blocker and barriers, and some just have one of the two ...
Although less were found, these EGFP-labelled CNCCs were still present in the adult heart. When a heart attack was induced, the CNCCs aggregated in the ischemic border zone area (an area of damaged tissue that can still be saved) and helped contribute to the regeneration of the tissue to some extent via differentiation into cardiomyocytes to ...