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A pluggable authentication module (PAM) is a mechanism to integrate multiple low-level authentication schemes into a high-level application programming interface (API). PAM allows programs that rely on authentication to be written independently of the underlying authentication scheme.
In some related but distinct contexts, the term AAA has been used to refer to protocol-specific information. For example, Diameter uses the URI scheme AAA, which also stands for "Authentication, Authorization and Accounting", as well as the Diameter-based Protocol AAAS, which stands for "Authentication, Authorization and Accounting with Secure Transport". [4]
Authentication and authorization infrastructure solutions address such limitations. With an AAI, access control is not managed by a central register, but by the respective organization of the user who wishes to access a specific resource.
The Shibboleth project was started in 2000 to facilitate the sharing of resources between organizations with incompatible authentication and authorization infrastructures. Architectural work was performed for over a year prior to any software development. After development and testing, Shibboleth IdP 1.0 was released in July 2003. [1]
Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML, pronounced SAM-el, / ˈ s æ m əl /) [1] is an open standard for exchanging authentication and authorization data between parties, in particular, between an identity provider and a service provider.
Authenticator apps provide secure verification codes that act as the second step in 2-step verification. After entering your password, you'll need to enter the code generated by your authenticator app to sign in.
OAuth is an authorization protocol, rather than an authentication protocol. Using OAuth on its own as an authentication method may be referred to as pseudo-authentication. [26] The following diagrams highlight the differences between using OpenID (specifically designed as an authentication protocol) and OAuth for authorization.
Security Assertion Markup Language 2.0 (SAML 2.0) is a version of the SAML standard for exchanging authentication and authorization identities between security domains.SAML 2.0 is an XML-based protocol that uses security tokens containing assertions to pass information about a principal (usually an end user) between a SAML authority, named an Identity Provider, and a SAML consumer, named a ...