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The project was named after an identifying passphrase used in the Bible (Judges 12:4–6) because Ephraimites were not able to pronounce "sh". The Shibboleth project was started in 2000 to facilitate the sharing of resources between organizations with incompatible authentication and authorization infrastructures .
Authentication and authorization infrastructure solutions address such limitations. With an AAI, access control is not managed by a central register, but by the respective organization of the user who wishes to access a specific resource.
The response must include a WWW-Authenticate header field containing a challenge applicable to the requested resource. See Basic access authentication and Digest access authentication. 401 semantically means "unauthenticated", the user does not have valid authentication credentials for the target resource. 402 Payment Required Reserved for ...
In some related but distinct contexts, the term AAA has been used to refer to protocol-specific information. For example, Diameter uses the URI scheme AAA, which also stands for "Authentication, Authorization and Accounting", as well as the Diameter-based Protocol AAAS, which stands for "Authentication, Authorization and Accounting with Secure Transport". [4]
Security Assertion Markup Language 2.0 (SAML 2.0) is a version of the SAML standard for exchanging authentication and authorization identities between security domains.SAML 2.0 is an XML-based protocol that uses security tokens containing assertions to pass information about a principal (usually an end user) between a SAML authority, named an Identity Provider, and a SAML consumer, named a ...
Web Authentication (WebAuthn) is a web standard published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). [1] [2] [3] WebAuthn is a core component of the FIDO2 Project under the guidance of the FIDO Alliance. [4] The goal of the project is to standardize an interface for authenticating users to web-based applications and services using public-key ...
OAuth is an authorization protocol, rather than an authentication protocol. Using OAuth on its own as an authentication method may be referred to as pseudo-authentication. [26] The following diagrams highlight the differences between using OpenID (specifically designed as an authentication protocol) and OAuth for authorization.
Authentication statements assert to the service provider that the principal did indeed authenticate with the identity provider at a particular time using a particular method of authentication. Other information about the authenticated principal (called the authentication context) may be disclosed in an authentication statement.