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Oligodendrocyte dysfunction may also be implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. [36] Oligodendrocytes are also susceptible to infection by the JC virus, which causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a condition that specifically affects white matter, typically in immunocompromised patients.
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells, NG2-glia, O2A cells, or polydendrocytes, are a subtype of glia in the central nervous system named for their essential role as precursors to oligodendrocytes and myelin. [1] They are typically identified in the human by co-expression of PDGFRA and CSPG4.
Oligodendrocyte transcription factor (OLIG2) is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor encoded by the OLIG2 gene. The protein is of 329 amino acids in length, 32 kDa in size and contains one basic helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain. [ 5 ]
Only the resident oligodendrocyte precursor cells seem to keep this ability once the nervous system matures. Glial cells are known to be capable of mitosis . By contrast, scientific understanding of whether neurons are permanently post-mitotic , [ 28 ] or capable of mitosis, [ 29 ] [ 30 ] [ 31 ] is still developing.
Remyelination is the process of propagating oligodendrocyte precursor cells to form oligodendrocytes to create new myelin sheaths on demyelinated axons in the Central nervous system (CNS). This is a process naturally regulated in the body and tends to be very efficient in a healthy CNS. [1]
Micrograph showing gliosis in the cerebellum. Reactive astrocytes on the left display severe proliferation and domain overlap. Reactive astrogliosis is the most common form of gliosis and involves the proliferation of astrocytes, a type of glial cell responsible for maintaining extracellular ion and neurotransmitter concentrations, modulating synapse function, and forming the blood–brain ...
“I mean, everybody’s going to compare him to (Kelce). But Cam is Cam. He’s going to do his own thing. He’s filled the role of playing center for the Philadelphia Eagles extremely well.” ...
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a glycoprotein believed to be important in the myelination of nerves in the central nervous system (CNS). In humans this protein is encoded by the MOG gene .