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A Round Robin preemptive scheduling example with quantum=3. Round-robin (RR) is one of the algorithms employed by process and network schedulers in computing. [1] [2] As the term is generally used, time slices (also known as time quanta) [3] are assigned to each process in equal portions and in circular order, handling all processes without priority (also known as cyclic executive).
The efficiency of queueing systems is gauged through key performance metrics. These include the average queue length, average wait time, and system throughput. These metrics provide insights into the system's functionality, guiding decisions aimed at enhancing performance and reducing wait times. References: Gross, D., & Harris, C. M. (1998).
Round Robin: This is similar to the AIX Version 3 scheduler round-robin scheme based on 10 ms time slices. When a RR thread has control at the end of the time slice, it moves to the tail of the queue of dispatchable threads of its priority. Only fixed-priority threads can have a Round Robin scheduling policy.
The average response time or sojourn time (total time a customer spends in the system) does not depend on scheduling discipline and can be computed using Little's law as 1/(μ − λ). The average time spent waiting is 1/(μ − λ) − 1/μ = ρ/(μ − λ). The distribution of response times experienced does depend on scheduling discipline.
If the process uses all the quantum time, it is pre-empted and inserted at the end of the next lower-level queue. This next lower-level queue will have a time quantum that is more than that of the previous higher-level queue. This scheme will continue until the process completes or it reaches the base-level queue.
Weighted round robin (WRR) is a network scheduler for data flows, but also used to schedule processes. Weighted round robin [ 1 ] is a generalisation of round-robin scheduling . It serves a set of queues or tasks.
where τ is the mean service time; σ 2 is the variance of service time; and ρ=λτ < 1, λ being the arrival rate of the customers. For M/M/1 queue, the service times are exponentially distributed, then σ 2 = τ 2 and the mean waiting time in the queue denoted by W M is given by the following equation: [5]
3 Average delay/waiting time. 4 Inter-departure times. 5 ... [11] [12] [13] The first such was given in 1959 using a factor to adjust the mean waiting time in an M/M ...