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Catalytic space heaters generate infrared heat to raise the temperature in a given area. [2] In addition to the larger catalytic heaters there are also small hand warmer or pocket heaters that use a catalyst combustion unit. Current units use a glass fiber substrate coated with platinum. Cheaper units may use other catalysts that don't work as ...
A three-way catalytic converter on a gasoline-powered 1996 Dodge Ram Simulation of flow inside a catalytic converter. A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device which converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction.
Measuring the combustion temperature of coke in the blast furnace using an optical pyrometer, Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory, 1930. Salt bath furnaces operate at temperatures up to 1300 °C and are used for heat treatment. At very high working temperatures with intense heat transfer between the molten salt and the steel being treated ...
The Virtual Lift from ACV lets auto-auction shoppers and car dealers get a look under vehicles, and lately their priority is to make sure this frequently stolen item is still under there.
Inefficient catalytic converter under cold conditions: Catalytic converters are very inefficient until warmed up to their operating temperature. This time has been much reduced by moving the converter closer to the exhaust manifold and even more so placing a small yet quick-to-heat-up converter directly at the exhaust manifold.
Differences in the temperature between the titrant and the titrand; Evaporative losses from the surface of the rapidly mixed fluid; Heats of solution when the titrant solvent is mixed with the analyte solvent; Heat introduced by the mechanical action of stirring (minor influence); and; Heat produced by the thermistor itself (very minor influence).
When the catalytic converter is cold, air injected at the upstream point burns with the deliberately rich exhaust so as to bring the catalyst up to operating temperature quickly. Once the catalyst is warm, air is injected to the downstream location — the catalytic converter itself — to assist with catalysis of unburned hydrocarbons.
There are pollution problems that are attributed to this slow start-up process, including a similar problem with the working temperature of a catalytic converter. The probe typically has four wires attached to it: two for the lambda output, and two for the heater power, although some automakers use the metal case as ground for the sensor ...